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Quantum two-level systems (TLSs) intrinsic to glasses induce decoherence in many modern quantum devices, such as superconducting qubits. Although the low-temperature physics of these TLSs is usually well-explained by a phenomenological…

Representation-based multi-task learning (MTL) improves efficiency by learning a shared structure across tasks, but its practical application is often hindered by contamination, outliers, or adversarial tasks. Most existing methods and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-09 Yian Huang , Yang Feng , Zhiliang Ying

Two-level system (TLS) defects constitute a major decoherence source of quantum information science, but they are generally less understood at material interfaces than in deposited films. Here we study surface TLSs at the metal-air…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Chih-Chiao Hung , Tim Kohler , Kevin D. Osborn

We propose a signal temporal logic (STL)-based framework that rigorously verifies the feasibility of a mission described in STL and synthesizes control to safely execute it. The proposed framework ensures safe and reliable operation through…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-27 Joonwon Choi , Kartik Anand Pant , Youngim Nam , Henry Hellmann , Karthik Nune , Inseok Hwang

We introduce a data-driven approach for extracting two-level system (TLS) parameters-frequency $\omega_{TLS}$, coupling strength $g$, dissipation time $T_{TLS, 1}$, and the pure dephasing time $T^{\phi}_{TLS, 2}$, labelled as a 4-component…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Avinash Pathapati , Olli Mansikkamäki , Alexander Tyner , Alexander V. Balatsky

Accurate characterization using static light scattering (SLS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) methods mandates the measurement and analysis of singly-scattered light. In turbid samples, the suppression of multiple scattering is therefore…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-09-18 Ian Block , Frank Scheffold

Multi-task learning has recently emerged as a promising solution for a comprehensive understanding of complex scenes. In addition to being memory-efficient, multi-task models, when appropriately designed, can facilitate the exchange of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Ivan Lopes , Tuan-Hung Vu , Raoul de Charette

Though the existence of two-level systems (TLS) is widely accepted to explain low temperature anomalies in the sound absorption, heat capacity, thermal conductivity and other quantities, an exact description of their microscopic nature is…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Reinisch , A. Heuer

The design of provably correct controllers for continuous-state stochastic systems crucially depends on approximate finite-state abstractions and their accuracy quantification. For this quantification, one generally uses approximate…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-17 B. C. van Huijgevoort , S. Haesaert

We use a recently-developed machine-learned Moment Tensor Potential (MTP) trained on data generated with the density functional theory (DFT) and tailored to amorphous silicon coupled with the Activation-Relaxation Technique nouveau (ARTn)…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-07 Renaude Girard , Carl Lévesque , Normand Mousseau , François Schiettekatte

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) involves the concurrent training of multiple tasks, offering notable advantages for dense prediction tasks in computer vision. MTL not only reduces training and inference time as opposed to having multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Maxime Fontana , Michael Spratling , Miaojing Shi

Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods targeting scene images have seen a rapid growth recently, and they mostly rely on either a dedicated dense matching mechanism or a costly unsupervised object discovery module. This paper shows that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Ke Zhu , Minghao Fu , Jianxin Wu

Simulating liquid water to an accuracy that matches its wealth of available experimental data requires both precise electronic structure methods and reliable sampling of nuclear (quantum) motion. This is challenging because applying the…

Low-cost air quality sensors (LCS) provide a practical alternative to expensive regulatory-grade instruments, making dense urban monitoring networks possible. Yet their adoption is limited by calibration challenges, including sensor drift,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Arindam Sengupta , Tony Bush , Ben Marner , Jose Miguel Pérez , Soledad Le Clainche

We study the scattering of two-level atoms at narrow laser fields, modeled by a $\delta$-shape intensity profile. The unique properties of these potentials allow us to give simple analytic solutions for one or two field zones. Several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 D. Seidel , J. G. Muga , G. C. Hegerfeldt

The anomalous low-temperature properties of glasses arise from intrinsic excitable entities, so-called tunneling Two-Level-Systems (TLS), whose microscopic nature has been baffling solid-state physicists for decades. TLS have become…

In this contribution, we introduce a multilevel approximation method with T-splines for fitting scattered point clouds iteratively, with an application to land remote sensing. This new procedure provides a local surface approximation by an…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-13 Gaël Kermarrec , Philipp Morgenstern

A great variety of experiments, like heat release measurements, acoustic measurements, and transport measurements on mesoscopic samples have proved that two level systems (TLSs) have a crucial role in the low temperature thermal and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Halbritter , L. Borda , A. Zawadowski

The existence of a constant density of two-level systems (TLS) was proposed as the basis of some intriguing universal aspects of glasses at ultra-low temperatures. Here we ask whether their existence is necessary for explaining the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-02-26 Avanish Kumar , Itamar Procaccia , Murari Singh

Two-level systems (TLS) in amorphous materials limit coherence times of a number of solid-state quantum devices. Interactions between TLS become prominent below 100 mK, but the coupling mechanism and statistical properties are still…