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Blockchain technology has emerged as one of the most transformative digital innovations of the 21st century. This paper presents a comprehensive review of blockchain's fundamental architecture, tracing its development from Bitcoin's initial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Aditya Pratap Singh

Blockchains face a scalability challenge due to the intrinsic throughput limitations of consensus protocols and the limitation in block sizes due to decentralization. An alternative to improve the number of transactions per second is to use…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Margarita Capretto , Martín Ceresa , Antonio Fernández Anta , Pedro Moreno-Sánchez , César Sánchez

Recommender systems have been widely used in different application domains including energy-preservation, e-commerce, healthcare, social media, etc. Such applications require the analysis and mining of massive amounts of various types of…

Increasing the transactional throughput of decentralized blockchains in a secure manner has been the holy grail of blockchain research for most of the past decade. This paper introduces a scheme for scaling blockchains while retaining…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-27 John Adler , Mikerah Quintyne-Collins

Securities exchange being digitalised and online, security of information and data has become a major concern. Blockchain (BC) technology, being distributed and immutable in nature, has proved to the "Trust Machine" eliminating the need for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-07-04 Mahdi H. Miraz , David C. Donald

Since its inception as a solution for secure cryptocurrencies sharing in 2008, the blockchain technology has now become one of the core technologies for secure data sharing and storage over trustless and decentralised peer-to-peer systems.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Noe Elisa , Longzhi Yang , Honglei Li , Fei Chao , Nitin Naik

Blockchain is one of the most discussed and highly accepted technologies, primarily due to its application in almost every field where third parties are needed for trust. Blockchain technology relies on distributed consensus for trust,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Arman Rasoodl Faridi , Faraz Masood , Ali Haider Thabet Shamsan , Mohammad Luqman , Monir Yahya Salmony

Blockchain offers a decentralized, immutable, transparent system of records. It offers a peer-to-peer network of nodes with no centralised governing entity making it unhackable and therefore, more secure than the traditional paper-based or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Harsh Jot Singh , Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid

Redactable Blockchain aims to ensure immutability of the data for most of appications, and provide authorized mutability for some specific applications such as removing illegal content from blockchains. However, the existing redactable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Bin Luo

Blockchains combine other technologies, such as cryptography, networking, and incentive mechanisms, to enable the creation, validation, and recording of transactions between participating nodes. A consensus algorithm is used in a blockchain…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Oladotun Aluko , Anton Kolonin

Blockchain technology has become one of the most popular trends in IT over the last few years. Its increasing popularity and the discovery of ever more use cases raises the question of how to improve scalability. While researchers are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Ole Delzer , Ingo Weber , Richard Hobeck , Stefan Schulte

Permissioned Blockchains are increasingly considered in enterprise use-cases, many of which do not require geo-distribution, or even disallow it due to legislation. Examples include country-wide networks, such as Alastria, or those deployed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Manuel Bravo , Zsolt István , Man-Kit Sit

Casting a ballot from a phone or laptop sounds appealing, but only if voters can be confident their choice remains secret and results cannot be altered in the dark. This paper proposes a hybrid blockchain-based voting model that stores…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Yousef Tahboub , Anthony Revilla , Jaydon Lynch , Greg Floyd

Blockchain technology has become a trusted method for establishing secure and transparent transactions through a distributed, encrypted network. The operation of blockchain is governed by consensus algorithms, among which Proof of Stake…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Bruno Ramos-Cruz , Javier Andreu-Pérez , Francisco J. Quesada , Luis Martínez

Many blockchain consensus protocols have been proposed recently to scale the throughput of a blockchain with available bandwidth. However, these protocols are becoming increasingly complex, making it more and more difficult to produce…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Haifeng Yu , Ivica Nikolic , Ruomu Hou , Prateek Saxena

Cryptocurrencies, based on and led by Bitcoin, have shown promise as infrastructure for pseudonymous online payments, cheap remittance, trustless digital asset exchange, and smart contracts. However, Bitcoin-derived blockchain protocols…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-11-12 Ittay Eyal , Adem Efe Gencer , Emin Gun Sirer , Robbert van Renesse

This study proposes a novel solution that provides secure interoperability for blockchains, which improves the overall scalability of the whole blockchain network. In our solution, a cross-chain task will build a one-time cross-blockchain…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Keyang Liu , Yukio Ohsawa

Consensus mechanism is the heart of any blockchain network. Many projects have proposed alternative protocols to improve restricted scalability of Proof of Work originated since Bitcoin. As an improvement of Delegated Proof of Stake, in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Thuat Do , Thao Nguyen , Hung Pham

While online services emerge in all areas of life, the voting procedure in many democracies remains paper-based as the security of current online voting technology is highly disputed. We address the issue of trustworthy online voting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-05-15 Robert Riemann , Stéphane Grumbach

This paper explores the utilization of blockchain token voting technology in student course selection systems. The current course selection systems face various issues, which can be mitigated through the implementation of blockchain…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Tiansu Hu , Yuzhao Song , Linjing Zhang , Xiaoya Zhou