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Aging phenomena have been studied in very different materials like polymers, supercooled liquids or disordered orientational crystals. We recall here the main features of aging in spin glasses, and use this example of magnetic systems as a…
The spin glasses are disordered and frustrated magnetic systems. They show aging phenomena which are also a characteristic feature of structural glasses, polymers, dielectrics, colloids, etc. Under a strong enough magnetic field variation,…
Non-equilibrium dynamics in a Ag(Mn) spin glass are investigated by measurements of the temperature dependence of the remanent magnetisation. Using specific cooling protocols before recording the thermo- or isothermal remanent…
It is currently believed that the decay of the thermoremanent magnetization in spin glasses is composed of two terms; The "stationary" term which does not depend on the sample history and dominates the short time decay ($<1s$) and a long…
The discovery of memory effects in the magnetization decays of spin glasses in 1983 began a large effort to determine the exact nature of the decay. While qualitative arguments have suggested that the decay functions should scale as…
A spin glass is a diluted magnetic material in which the magnetic moments are randomly interacting, with a huge number of metastable states which prevent reaching equilibrium. Spin-glass models are conceptually simple, but require very…
In this paper, we review the general features of the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of spin glasses. We use this example as a guideline for a brief description of glassy dynamics in other disordered systems like structural and polymer glasses,…
The temperature dependence of the magnetisation of a Cu(Mn) spin glass ($T_g$ $\approx$ 57 K) has been investigated using weak probing magnetic fields ($H$ = 0.5 or 0 Oe) and specific thermal protocols. The behaviour of the zero-field…
Aging is a well known property of spin glass materials and has been investigated extensively in recent years. This aging effect is commonly observed by thermal remnant magnetization (TRM) experiments in which the relaxation of the…
In this paper, we review several important features of the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of spin glasses. Starting with the simplest experiments, we discuss the scaling laws used to describe the isothermal aging observed in spin glasses after…
In talk I will review the theoretical results that have been obtained for spin glasses, paying a particular attention to finite dimensional spin glasses. I will concentrate my attention on the formulation of the mean field approach and on…
We report studies on magnetization dynamics in NiO nanoparticles of average size 5 nm. Temperature and time dependence of dc magnetization, wait time dependence of magnetic relaxation (aging) and memory phenomena in the dc magnetization are…
The isothermal remanent magnetization is used to investigate dynamical magnetic properties of spatially three dimensional spin glasses with different spin dimensionality (Ising, XY, Heisenberg). The isothermal remanent magnetization is…
Many recent experiments probed the off equilibrium dynamics of spin glasses and other glassy systems through temperature cycling protocols and observed memory and rejuvenation phenomena. Here we show through numerical simulations, using…
The question of whether glass continues to relax at low temperature is of fundamental and practical interest. Here, we report a novel atomistic simulation method allowing us to directly access the long-term dynamics of glass relaxation at…
The time and temperature dependence of the field-cooled magnetization of a three dimensional Ising spin glass, Fe_{0.5}Mn_{0.5}TiO_{3}, has been investigated. The temperature and cooling rate dependence is found to exhibit memory phenomena…
The dynamic and static magnetic properties of La1:85Sr0:15Cu1-yNiyO4 with Ni concentration up to y=0.63 are reported. All the features that characterize the spin-glass (SG) behavior are found: bifurcation of the dc susceptibility chi vs…
We report on zero field cooled magnetization relaxation experiments on a concen- trated frozen ferrofluid exhibiting a low temperature superspin glass transition. With a method initially developed for spin glasses, we investigate the field…
New low frequency ac susceptibility measurements on two different spin glasses show that cooling/heating the sample at a constant rate yields an essentially reversible (but rate dependent) X(T) curve; a downward relaxation of X occurs…
The scaling of the magnetic field dependence of the remanent magnetization for different temperatures and different spin-glass samples is studied. Particular attention is paid to the effect of the de Almeida-Thouless (AT) critical line on…