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Related papers: Invariant Language Modeling

200 papers

One method for obtaining generalizable solutions to machine learning tasks when presented with diverse training environments is to find \textit{invariant representations} of the data. These are representations of the covariates such that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Advait Parulekar , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Sanjay Shakkottai

Selective rationalization improves neural network interpretability by identifying a small subset of input features -- the rationale -- that best explains or supports the prediction. A typical rationalization criterion, i.e. maximum mutual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Shiyu Chang , Yang Zhang , Mo Yu , Tommi S. Jaakkola

Language models exhibit strong robustness to paraphrasing, suggesting that semantic information may be encoded through stable internal representations, yet the structure and origin of such invariance remain unclear. We propose a local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Agnibh Dasgupta , Abdullah Tanvir , Xin Zhong

One of the current trends in robotics is to employ large language models (LLMs) to provide non-predefined command execution and natural human-robot interaction. It is useful to have an environment map together with its language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Evgenii Kruzhkov , Sven Behnke

In recent years, large-scale language models (LLMs) have gained attention for their impressive text generation capabilities. However, these models often face the challenge of "hallucination," which undermines their reliability. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yuchen Yang , Houqiang Li , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

The nonliteral interpretation of a text is hard to be understood by machine models due to its high context-sensitivity and heavy usage of figurative language. In this study, inspired by human reading comprehension, we propose a novel,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Guoxiu He , Zhe Gao , Zhuoren Jiang , Yangyang Kang , Changlong Sun , Xiaozhong Liu , Wei Lu

Retrieval-augmented language models (RALMs) hold promise to produce language understanding systems that are are factual, efficient, and up-to-date. An important desideratum of RALMs, is that retrieved information helps model performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Ori Yoran , Tomer Wolfson , Ori Ram , Jonathan Berant

Consistently scaling pre-trained language models (PLMs) imposes substantial burdens on model adaptation, necessitating more efficient alternatives to conventional fine-tuning. Given the advantage of prompting in the zero-shot setting and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Yulin Chen , Ning Ding , Xiaobin Wang , Shengding Hu , Hai-Tao Zheng , Zhiyuan Liu , Pengjun Xie

Retrieval-Augmented Language Modeling (RALM) methods, which condition a language model (LM) on relevant documents from a grounding corpus during generation, were shown to significantly improve language modeling performance. In addition,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Ori Ram , Yoav Levine , Itay Dalmedigos , Dor Muhlgay , Amnon Shashua , Kevin Leyton-Brown , Yoav Shoham

In the past decades, machine learning with Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM) has demonstrated great capability in learning and exploiting the statistical patterns from data, or even surpassing humans. Despite the success, ERM avoids the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yongqiang Chen

Text classification is crucial for applications such as sentiment analysis and toxic text filtering, but it still faces challenges due to the complexity and ambiguity of natural language. Recent advancements in deep learning, particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Lingyu Gao

Motivated by the progress made by large language models (LLMs), we introduce the framework of verbalized machine learning (VML). In contrast to conventional machine learning (ML) models that are typically optimized over a continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Tim Z. Xiao , Robert Bamler , Bernhard Schölkopf , Weiyang Liu

Multilingual language models (LMs) promise broader NLP access, yet current systems deliver uneven performance across the world's languages. This survey examines why these gaps persist and whether they reflect intrinsic linguistic difficulty…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Chen Shani , Yuval Reif , Nathan Roll , Dan Jurafsky , Ekaterina Shutova

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown great promise in planning and reasoning applications. These tasks demand robust systems, which arguably require a causal understanding of the environment. While LLMs can acquire and reflect…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 John Gkountouras , Matthias Lindemann , Phillip Lippe , Efstratios Gavves , Ivan Titov

Recent advances in NLP are brought by a range of large-scale pretrained language models (PLMs). These PLMs have brought significant performance gains for a range of NLP tasks, circumventing the need to customize complex designs for specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Xu Guo , Han Yu

Geometric shape features have been widely used as strong predictors for image classification. Nevertheless, most existing classifiers such as deep neural networks (DNNs) directly leverage the statistical correlations between these shape…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Tonmoy Hossain , Jing Ma , Jundong Li , Miaomiao Zhang

Learning models that can handle distribution shifts is a key challenge in domain generalization. Invariance learning, an approach that focuses on identifying features invariant across environments, improves model generalization by capturing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-11 Yiran Jia , Jelena Bradic

Accurately estimating semantic aleatoric and epistemic uncertainties in large language models (LLMs) is particularly challenging in free-form question answering (QA), where obtaining stable estimates often requires many expensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Ji Won Park , Kyunghyun Cho

As the core component of Natural Language Processing (NLP) system, Language Model (LM) can provide word representation and probability indication of word sequences. Neural Network Language Models (NNLMs) overcome the curse of dimensionality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-14 Kun Jing , Jungang Xu

This paper presents a novel training method, Conditional Masked Language Modeling (CMLM), to effectively learn sentence representations on large scale unlabeled corpora. CMLM integrates sentence representation learning into MLM training by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Ziyi Yang , Yinfei Yang , Daniel Cer , Jax Law , Eric Darve