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In this work we present a non-relativistic gravity theory defined in four spacetime dimensions using the MacDowell-Mansouri geometrical formulation. We obtain a Newtonian gravity action which is constructed from the curvature of a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-03-22 Patrick Concha , Evelyn Rodríguez , Gustavo Rubio

I point out a radical indeterminism in potential-based formulations of Newtonian gravity once we drop the condition that the potential vanishes at infinity (as is necessary, and indeed celebrated, in cosmological applications). This…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-04-13 David Wallace

Using dimensional analysis techniques we present an extension of Newton's gravitational theory built under the assumption that Milgrom's acceleration constant is a fundamental quantity of nature. The gravitational force converges to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-04 J. C. Hidalgo , S. Mendoza , X. Hernandez , T. Bernal , M. A. Jimenez , C. Allen

Versions of parameterized pseudo-Newtonian gravity theories specially designed for cosmology have been introduced in recent cosmology literature. The modifications demand a zero-pressure fluid in the context of versions of modified…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-17 Jai-chan Hwang , Hyerim Noh , Chan-Gyung Park

MOG is a fully relativistic modified theory of gravity based on an action principle. The MOG field equations are exactly solvable numerically in two important cases. In the spherically symmetric, static case of a gravitating mass, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-25 J. W. Moffat , V. T. Toth

We explore the new physics phenomena of gravidynamics governed by the inhomogeneous spin gauge symmetry based on the gravitational quantum field theory. Such a gravidynamics enables us to derive the generalized Einstein equation and an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-27 Yuan-Kun Gao , Da Huang , Yong-Liang Ma , Yong Tang , Yue-Liang Wu , Yu-Feng Zhou

Scale-dependent gravity is an extension of general relativity in which the Newton and cosmological constants may vary slightly with the energy scale due to remnant low-energy quantum effects. A fundamental feature of this approach is the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-03 Nicolas R. Bertini , Marcos H. Novaes

Geodesy in a Newtonian framework is based on the Newtonian gravitational potential. The general-relativistic gravitational field, however, is not fully determined by a single potential. The vacuum field around a stationary source can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-16 Claus Laemmerzahl , Volker Perlick

Nonlocal gravity (NLG) is a classical nonlocal generalization of Einstein's theory of gravitation developed in close analogy with the nonlocal electrodynamics of media. It appears that the nonlocal aspect of the universal gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-12 Mahmood Roshan , Bahram Mashhoon

In the pursuit of a general formulation for a modified gravitational theory at the non-relativistic level and as an alternative to the dark matter hypothesis, we construct a model valid over a wide variety of astrophysical scales. Through…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2011-12-13 S. Mendoza , X. Hernandez , J. C. Hidalgo , T. Bernal

Non-perturbative studies of quantum gravity have recently suggested the possibility that the strength of gravitational interactions might slowly increase with distance. Here a set of generally covariant effective field equations are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-07-19 Herbert W. Hamber , Ruth M. Williams

There are well-known problems associated with the idea of (local) gravitational energy in general relativity. We offer a new perspective on those problems by comparison with Newtonian gravitation, and particularly geometrized Newtonian…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2018-04-18 Neil Dewar , James Owen Weatherall

Conformal geometry is considered within a general relativistic framework. An invariant distant for proper time is defined and a parallel displacement is applied in the distorted space-time, modifying Einstein's equation appropriately. A…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-16 Edmund A. Chadwick , Timothy F. Hodgkinson , Graham S. McDonald

We present a three dimensional non-relativistic model of gravity that is invariant under the central extension of the symmetry group that leaves the recently constructed Newtonian gravity action invariant. We show that the model arises from…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-08-22 Nese Ozdemir , Mehmet Ozkan , Orhan Tunca , Utku Zorba

A theory of gravity with a generic action functional and minimally coupled to N matter fields has a nontrivial fixed point in the leading large N approximation. At this fixed point, the cosmological constant and Newton's constant are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 R. Percacci

If the presence of a gravitational field breaks the Lorentz symmetry valid for special relativity, an "absolute motion" might be detectable. We summarize a scalar theory of gravity with a such "ether", which starts from a tentative…

General Physics · Physics 2011-12-09 Mayeul Arminjon

Euler's interpretation of Newton's gravity (NG) as Archimedes' thrust in a fluid ether is presented in some detail. Then a semi-heuristic mechanism for gravity, close to Euler's, is recalled and compared with the latter. None of these two…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mayeul Arminjon

In conventional gravitational physics, the so-called "bootstrap procedure" can be used to extrapolate from a linear model of a rank-2 tensor to a full non-linear theory of gravity (i.e., general relativity) via a coupling to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-08 Michael D Seifert

We show that the existence of the Newtonian limit cannot work as a selection rule for choosing the correct gravity theory fromm the set of all L=f(R) ones. To this end we prove that stability of the ground state solution in arbitrary purely…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-19 Leszek M. Sokolowski

We propose a relativistic gravitational theory leading to modified Newtonian dynamics, a paradigm that explains the observed universal galactic acceleration scale and related phenomenology. We discuss phenomenological requirements leading…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-18 Constantinos Skordis , Tom Zlosnik