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Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to "backdoor" poisoning attacks, in which an adversary implants a secret trigger into an otherwise normally functioning model. Detection of backdoors in trained models without access to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Todd Huster , Emmanuel Ekwedike

Recently, it has been shown that deep learning models are vulnerable to Trojan attacks, where an attacker can install a backdoor during training time to make the resultant model misidentify samples contaminated with a small trigger patch.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Haripriya Harikumar , Vuong Le , Santu Rana , Sourangshu Bhattacharya , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh

With the surge of Machine Learning (ML), An emerging amount of intelligent applications have been developed. Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have demonstrated unprecedented performance across various fields such as medical diagnosis and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Xinqiao Zhang , Huili Chen , Ke Huang , Farinaz Koushanfar

Adversarial attacks on deep learning-based models pose a significant threat to the current AI infrastructure. Among them, Trojan attacks are the hardest to defend against. In this paper, we first introduce a variation of the Badnet kind of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Haripriya Harikumar , Santu Rana , Kien Do , Sunil Gupta , Wei Zong , Willy Susilo , Svetha Venkastesh

Deep Neural Networks are vulnerable to Trojan (or backdoor) attacks. Reverse-engineering methods can reconstruct the trigger and thus identify affected models. Existing reverse-engineering methods only consider input space constraints,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Zhenting Wang , Kai Mei , Hailun Ding , Juan Zhai , Shiqing Ma

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been shown to be susceptible to Trojan attacks. Neural Trojan is a type of targeted poisoning attack that embeds the backdoor into the victim and is activated by the trigger in the input space. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Diego Garcia-soto , Huili Chen , Farinaz Koushanfar

Deep neural networks are known to have security issues. One particular threat is the Trojan attack. It occurs when the attackers stealthily manipulate the model's behavior through Trojaned training samples, which can later be exploited.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Songzhu Zheng , Yikai Zhang , Hubert Wagner , Mayank Goswami , Chao Chen

Backdoor (Trojan) attacks are emerging threats against deep neural networks (DNN). A DNN being attacked will predict to an attacker-desired target class whenever a test sample from any source class is embedded with a backdoor pattern; while…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Xi Li , Zhen Xiang , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

Neural networks can conceal malicious Trojan backdoors that allow a trigger to covertly change the model behavior. Detecting signs of these backdoors, particularly without access to any triggered data, is the subject of ongoing research and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Todd Huster , Peter Lin , Razvan Stefanescu , Emmanuel Ekwedike , Ritu Chadha

Trojan backdoors can be injected into large language models at various stages, including pretraining, fine-tuning, and in-context learning, posing a significant threat to the model's alignment. Due to the nature of causal language modeling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Vedant Bhasin , Matthew Yudin , Razvan Stefanescu , Rauf Izmailov

Trojan (backdoor) attack is a form of adversarial attack on deep neural networks where the attacker provides victims with a model trained/retrained on malicious data. The backdoor can be activated when a normal input is stamped with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Siyuan Cheng , Yingqi Liu , Shiqing Ma , Xiangyu Zhang

Deep neural networks are being widely deployed for many critical tasks due to their high classification accuracy. In many cases, pre-trained models are sourced from vendors who may have disrupted the training pipeline to insert Trojan…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Xiaoyu Zhang , Ajmal Mian , Rohit Gupta , Nazanin Rahnavard , Mubarak Shah

When the training data are maliciously tampered, the predictions of the acquired deep neural network (DNN) can be manipulated by an adversary known as the Trojan attack (or poisoning backdoor attack). The lack of robustness of DNNs against…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Ren Wang , Gaoyuan Zhang , Sijia Liu , Pin-Yu Chen , Jinjun Xiong , Meng Wang

An emerging amount of intelligent applications have been developed with the surge of Machine Learning (ML). Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have demonstrated unprecedented performance across various fields such as medical diagnosis and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Xinqiao Zhang , Huili Chen , Farinaz Koushanfar

Along with the success of deep neural network (DNN) models, rise the threats to the integrity of these models. A recent threat is the Trojan attack where an attacker interferes with the training pipeline by inserting triggers into some of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Marzieh Edraki , Nazmul Karim , Nazanin Rahnavard , Ajmal Mian , Mubarak Shah

We target the problem of detecting Trojans or backdoors in DNNs. Such models behave normally with typical inputs but produce specific incorrect predictions for inputs poisoned with a Trojan trigger. Our approach is based on a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Karan Sikka , Indranil Sur , Susmit Jha , Anirban Roy , Ajay Divakaran

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have found extensive applications in safety-critical artificial intelligence systems, such as autonomous driving and facial recognition systems. However, recent research has revealed their susceptibility to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Lingxin Jin , Xianyu Wen , Wei Jiang , Jinyu Zhan

Backdoor (Trojan) attacks are an important type of adversarial exploit against deep neural networks (DNNs), wherein a test instance is (mis)classified to the attacker's target class whenever the attacker's backdoor trigger is present. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Xi Li , Zhen Xiang , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

The success of deep neural networks (DNNs) in real-world applications has benefited from abundant pre-trained models. However, the backdoored pre-trained models can pose a significant trojan threat to the deployment of downstream DNNs.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Haibo Jin , Ruoxi Chen , Jinyin Chen , Haibin Zheng , Yang Zhang , Haohan Wang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been widely used in many areas such as autonomous driving and face recognition. However, DNN model is fragile to backdoor attack. A backdoor in the DNN model can be activated by a poisoned input with trigger…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Qi Zhou , Zipeng Ye , Yubo Tang , Wenjian Luo , Yuhui Shi , Yan Jia
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