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We propose using Masked Auto-Encoder (MAE), a transformer model self-supervisedly trained on image inpainting, for anomaly detection (AD). Assuming anomalous regions are harder to reconstruct compared with normal regions. MAEDAY is the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Eli Schwartz , Assaf Arbelle , Leonid Karlinsky , Sivan Harary , Florian Scheidegger , Sivan Doveh , Raja Giryes

Anomaly detection has been a challenging task given high-dimensional multivariate time series data generated by networked sensors and actuators in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). Besides the highly nonlinear, complex, and dynamic natures of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Kai Zhang , Yushan Jiang , Lee Seversky , Chengtao Xu , Dahai Liu , Houbing Song

In the digitization of energy systems, sensors and smart meters are increasingly being used to monitor production, operation and demand. Detection of anomalies based on smart meter data is crucial to identify potential risks and unusual…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-16 Wenjing Dai , Xiufeng Liu , Alfred Heller , Per Sieverts Nielsen

Data-driven methods that detect anomalies in times series data are ubiquitous in practice, but they are in general unable to provide helpful explanations for the predictions they make. In this work we propose a model-agnostic algorithm that…

We present a refined version of the Anomaly Awareness framework for enhancing unsupervised anomaly detection. Our approach introduces minimal supervision into Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) through a two-stage training strategy: the model…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-17 Adam Banda , Charanjit K. Khosa , Veronica Sanz

Anomaly detection in time series is a complex task that has been widely studied. In recent years, the ability of unsupervised anomaly detection algorithms has received much attention. This trend has led researchers to compare only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Julien Audibert , Pietro Michiardi , Frédéric Guyard , Sébastien Marti , Maria A. Zuluaga

Variational auto-encoders (VAEs) provide an attractive solution to image generation problem. However, they tend to produce blurred and over-smoothed images due to their dependence on pixel-wise reconstruction loss. This paper introduces a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-30 Salman H. Khan , Munawar Hayat , Nick Barnes

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders. This disease requires reliable and efficient seizure detection methods. Electroencephalography (EEG) is the gold standard for seizure monitoring, but its manual analysis is a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-17 Annika Stiehl , Nicolas Weeger , Christian Uhl , Dominic Bechtold , Nicole Ille , Stefan Geißelsöder

This paper addresses the challenges of detecting anomalies in cellular networks in an interpretable way and proposes a new approach using variational autoencoders (VAEs) that learn interpretable representations of the latent space for each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Amandeep Singh , Michael Weber , Markus Lange-Hegermann

This technical report describes two methods that were developed for Task 2 of the DCASE 2020 challenge. The challenge involves an unsupervised learning to detect anomalous sounds, thus only normal machine working condition samples are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-22 Alexandrine Ribeiro , Luis Miguel Matos , Pedro Jose Pereira , Eduardo C. Nunes , Andre L. Ferreira , Paulo Cortez , Andre Pilastri

Masked autoencoders (MAEs) have displayed significant potential in the classification and semantic segmentation of medical images in the last year. Due to the high similarity of human tissues, even slight changes in medical images may…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Jiawei Mao , Shujian Guo , Yuanqi Chang , Xuesong Yin , Binling Nie

Recent work has advocated for the use of deep learning to perform power allocation in the downlink of massive MIMO (maMIMO) networks. Yet, such deep learning models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. In the context of maMIMO power…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-21 Rajeev Sahay , Minjun Zhang , David J. Love , Christopher G. Brinton

Time series anomaly detection plays a critical role in a wide range of real-world applications. Among unsupervised approaches, self-supervised learning has gained traction for modeling normal behavior without the need of labeled data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Aitor Sánchez-Ferrera , Usue Mori , Borja Calvo , Jose A. Lozano

Wind turbine reliability is critical to the growing renewable energy sector, where early fault detection significantly reduces downtime and maintenance costs. This paper introduces a novel ensemble-based deep learning framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Rekha R Nair , Tina Babu , Alavikunhu Panthakkan , Balamurugan Balusamy , Wathiq Mansoor

Generating time series data is a promising approach to address data deficiency problems. However, it is also challenging due to the complex temporal properties of time series data, including local correlations as well as global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Yuansan Liu , Sudanthi Wijewickrema , Ang Li , Christofer Bester , Stephen O'Leary , James Bailey

Anomaly detection is to identify samples that do not conform to the distribution of the normal data. Due to the unavailability of anomalous data, training a supervised deep neural network is a cumbersome task. As such, unsupervised methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Vahid Reza Khazaie , Anthony Wong , John Taylor Jewell , Yalda Mohsenzadeh

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have experienced recent success as data-generating models by using simple architectures that do not require significant fine-tuning of hyperparameters. However, VAEs are known to suffer from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-22 Wei Cheng , Gregory Darnell , Sohini Ramachandran , Lorin Crawford

Context-based detection methods such as DetectGPT achieve strong generalization in identifying AI-generated text by evaluating content compatibility with a model's learned distribution. In contrast, existing image detectors rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Minsuk Jang , Hyunseo Jeong , Minseok Son , Changick Kim

Finding an interpretable non-redundant representation of real-world data is one of the key problems in Machine Learning. Biological neural networks are known to solve this problem quite well in unsupervised manner, yet unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Denis Kuzminykh , Laida Kushnareva , Timofey Grigoryev , Alexander Zatolokin

Time-series anomaly detection is an important task and has been widely applied in the industry. Since manual data annotation is expensive and inefficient, most applications adopt unsupervised anomaly detection methods, but the results are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Hong Guo , Yujing Wang , Jieyu Zhang , Zhengjie Lin , Yunhai Tong , Lei Yang , Luoxing Xiong , Congrui Huang