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Explaining the behaviour of intelligent agents learned by reinforcement learning (RL) to humans is challenging yet crucial due to their incomprehensible proprioceptive states, variational intermediate goals, and resultant unpredictability.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Wenhao Lu , Xufeng Zhao , Sven Magg , Martin Gromniak , Mengdi Li , Stefan Wermter

Many important problems in the real world don't have unique solutions. It is thus important for machine learning models to be capable of proposing different plausible solutions with meaningful probability measures. In this work we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Di Qiu , Lok Ming Lui

In recent years, neural networks have demonstrated their remarkable ability to discern intricate patterns and relationships from raw data. However, understanding the inner workings of these black box models remains challenging, yet crucial…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-18 Niklas Koenen , Marvin N. Wright

The Deferred Correction (DeC) is an iterative procedure, characterized by increasing accuracy at each iteration, which can be used to design numerical methods for systems of ODEs. The main advantage of such framework is the automatic way of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-09 Lorenzo Micalizzi , Davide Torlo

Calibration of neural networks is a topical problem that is becoming more and more important as neural networks increasingly underpin real-world applications. The problem is especially noticeable when using modern neural networks, for which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Ondrej Bohdal , Yongxin Yang , Timothy Hospedales

Even though rate-distortion optimization is a crucial part of traditional image and video compression, not many approaches exist which transfer this concept to end-to-end-trained image compression. Most frameworks contain static compression…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-06 Fabian Brand , Kristian Fischer , Alexander Kopte , André Kaup

Neural video compression (NVC) has demonstrated superior compression efficiency, yet effective rate control remains a significant challenge due to complex temporal dependencies. Existing rate control schemes typically leverage frame content…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Wuyang Cong , Junqi Shi , Lizhong Wang , Weijing Shi , Ming Lu , Hao Chen , Zhan Ma

We present an adaptive algorithm for effectively solving rough differential equations (RDEs) using the log-ODE method. The algorithm is based on an error representation formula that accurately describes the contribution of local errors to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-25 Christian Bayer , Simon Breneis , Terry Lyons

Living organisms rely on internal models of the world to act adaptively. These models, because of resource limitations, cannot encode every detail and hence need to compress information. From a cognitive standpoint, information compression…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-18 Leo D'Amato , Gian Luca Lancia , Giovanni Pezzulo

Explainable artificial intelligence is proposed to provide explanations for reasoning performed by an Artificial Intelligence. There is no consensus on how to evaluate the quality of these explanations, since even the definition of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Iván Sevillano-García , Julián Luengo-Martín , Francisco Herrera

The rate-distortion-perception (RDP) tradeoff characterizes the fundamental limits of lossy compression by jointly considering bitrate, reconstruction fidelity, and perceptual quality. While recent neural compression methods have improved…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yuhan Wang , Suzhi Bi , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

Locally interpretable model agnostic explanations (LIME) method is one of the most popular methods used to explain black-box models at a per example level. Although many variants have been proposed, few provide a simple way to produce high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Amit Dhurandhar , Karthikeyan Ramamurthy , Kartik Ahuja , Vijay Arya

Recent developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and their applications in critical industries such as healthcare, fin-tech and cybersecurity have led to a surge in research in explainability in AI. Innovative research methods are being…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Aoun E Muhammad , Kin-Choong Yow , Nebojsa Bacanin-Dzakula , Muhammad Attique Khan

We present an approach to explain the decisions of black box models for image classification. While using the black box to label images, our explanation method exploits the latent feature space learned through an adversarial autoencoder.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Riccardo Guidotti , Anna Monreale , Stan Matwin , Dino Pedreschi

The adoption of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in critical fields where predictions need to be accompanied by justifications is hindered by their inherent black-box nature. In this paper, we introduce P-TAME (Perturbation-based Trainable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Mariano V. Ntrougkas , Vasileios Mezaris , Ioannis Patras

We present Learning to Explain (LTX), a model-agnostic framework designed for providing post-hoc explanations for vision models. The LTX framework introduces an "explainer" model that generates explanation maps, highlighting the crucial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Oren Barkan , Yuval Asher , Amit Eshel , Yehonatan Elisha , Noam Koenigstein

In science and medicine, model interpretations may be reported as discoveries of natural phenomena or used to guide patient treatments. In such high-stakes tasks, false discoveries may lead investigators astray. These applications would…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-18 Collin Burns , Jesse Thomason , Wesley Tansey

Edge artificial intelligence (AI) will be a central part of 6G, with powerful edge servers supporting devices in performing machine learning (ML) inference. However, it is challenging to deliver the latency and accuracy guarantees required…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Anders E. Kalør , Tomoaki Ohtsuki

We focus on learning unknown dynamics from data using ODE-nets templated on implicit numerical initial value problem solvers. First, we perform Inverse Modified error analysis of the ODE-nets using unrolled implicit schemes for ease of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-11 Aiqing Zhu , Tom Bertalan , Beibei Zhu , Yifa Tang , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

We propose a unified framework for delay differential equations (DDEs) based on deep neural networks (DNNs) - the neural delay differential equations (NDDEs), aimed at solving the forward and inverse problems of delay differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Housen Wang , Yuxing Chen , Sirong Cao , Xiaoli Wang , Qiang Liu