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Direct speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) is among the most challenging problems in the translation paradigm due to the significant scarcity of S2ST data. While effort has been made to increase the data size from unlabeled speech by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Sravya Popuri , Changhan Wang , Yun Tang , Ilia Kulikov , Hongyu Gong

Simultaneous speech translation (SimulST) produces translations incrementally while processing partial speech input. Although large language models (LLMs) have showcased strong capabilities in offline translation tasks, applying them to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Biao Fu , Donglei Yu , Minpeng Liao , Chengxi Li , Yidong Chen , Kai Fan , Xiaodong Shi

End-to-end speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) systems typically struggle with a critical data bottleneck: the scarcity of parallel speech-to-speech corpora. To overcome this, we introduce RosettaSpeech, a novel zero-shot framework trained…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Zhisheng Zheng , Xiaohang Sun , Tuan Dinh , Abhishek Yanamandra , Abhinav Jain , Zhu Liu , Sunil Hadap , Vimal Bhat , Manoj Aggarwal , Gerard Medioni , David Harwath

This paper proposes a direct text to speech translation system using discrete acoustic units. This framework employs text in different source languages as input to generate speech in the target language without the need for text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Victoria Mingote , Pablo Gimeno , Luis Vicente , Sameer Khurana , Antoine Laurent , Jarod Duret

Direct speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) translates speech from one language into another using a single model. However, due to the presence of linguistic and acoustic diversity, the target speech follows a complex multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Qingkai Fang , Yan Zhou , Yang Feng

We propose a stress-aware speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) system that preserves word-level emphasis by leveraging LLMs for cross-lingual emphasis conversion. Our method translates source-language stress into target-language tags that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Xi Chen , Yuchen Song , Satoshi Nakamura

Simultaneous speech-to-text translation (SimulST) translates source-language speech into target-language text concurrently with the speaker's speech, ensuring low latency for better user comprehension. Despite its intended application to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Sara Papi , Peter Polak , Ondřej Bojar , Dominik Macháček

Conventional speech-to-text translation (ST) systems are trained on single-speaker utterances, and they may not generalize to real-life scenarios where the audio contains conversations by multiple speakers. In this paper, we tackle…

Simultaneous machine translation models start generating a target sequence before they have encoded or read the source sequence. Recent approaches for this task either apply a fixed policy on a state-of-the art Transformer model, or a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Xutai Ma , Juan Pino , James Cross , Liezl Puzon , Jiatao Gu

Simultaneous speech-to-speech translation (SimulS2S) is essential for real-time multilingual communication, with increasing integration into meeting and streaming platforms. Despite this, SimulS2S remains underexplored in research, where…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-19 Amirbek Djanibekov , Luisa Bentivogli , Matteo Negri , Sara Papi

While Diffusion Generative Models have achieved great success on image generation tasks, how to efficiently and effectively incorporate them into speech generation especially translation tasks remains a non-trivial problem. Specifically,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Yongxin Zhu , Zhujin Gao , Xinyuan Zhou , Zhongyi Ye , Linli Xu

Speech Translation (ST) is a machine translation task that involves converting speech signals from one language to the corresponding text in another language; this task has two different approaches, namely the traditional cascade and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Nam Luu , Ondřej Bojar

Simultaneous translation models play a crucial role in facilitating communication. However, existing research primarily focuses on text-to-text or speech-to-text models, necessitating additional cascade components to achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Zhengrui Ma , Qingkai Fang , Shaolei Zhang , Shoutao Guo , Yang Feng , Min Zhang

Speech-to-speech translation directly translates a speech utterance to another between different languages, and has great potential in tasks such as simultaneous interpretation. State-of-art models usually contains an auxiliary module for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Junhui Zhang , Junjie Pan , Xiang Yin , Zejun Ma

Simultaneous neural machine translation(SNMT) models start emitting the target sequence before they have processed the source sequence. The recent adaptive policies for SNMT use monotonic attention to perform read/write decisions based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Mohd Abbas Zaidi , Sathish Indurthi , Beomseok Lee , Nikhil Kumar Lakumarapu , Sangha Kim

The study of the attention mechanism has sparked interest in many fields, such as language modeling and machine translation. Although its patterns have been exploited to perform different tasks, from neural network understanding to textual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Sara Papi , Matteo Negri , Marco Turchi

We present a simple yet effective approach to build multilingual speech-to-text (ST) translation by efficient transfer learning from pretrained speech encoder and text decoder. Our key finding is that a minimalistic LNA (LayerNorm and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Xian Li , Changhan Wang , Yun Tang , Chau Tran , Yuqing Tang , Juan Pino , Alexei Baevski , Alexis Conneau , Michael Auli

Speech-to-text translation (ST), which directly translates the source language speech to the target language text, has attracted intensive attention recently. However, the combination of speech recognition and machine translation in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Qianqian Dong , Mingxuan Wang , Hao Zhou , Shuang Xu , Bo Xu , Lei Li

Despite recent advances in speech-to-speech translation (S2ST), it remains difficult to achieve both high translation accuracy and practical flexibility. In this paper, we present S2ST-Omni, a compositional S2ST framework that integrates a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-07 Yu Pan , Xiongfei Wu , Yuguang Yang , Jixun Yao , Lei Ma , Jianjun Zhao

Transformer-based models have been achieving state-of-the-art results in several fields of Natural Language Processing. However, its direct application to speech tasks is not trivial. The nature of this sequences carries problems such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Gerard Sant , Gerard I. Gállego , Belen Alastruey , Marta R. Costa-Jussà