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Configuring LLM-based agent systems involves choosing workflows, tools, token budgets, and prompts from a large combinatorial design space, and is typically handled today by fixed templates or hand-tuned heuristics that apply the same…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Aditya Taparia , Som Sagar , Ransalu Senanayake

The model-based reinforcement learning paradigm, which uses planning algorithms and neural network models, has recently achieved unprecedented results in diverse applications, leading to what is now known as deep reinforcement learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Tiago Gaspar Oliveira , Arlindo L. Oliveira

Coordinating multiple autonomous agents in shared environments under decentralized conditions is a long-standing challenge in robotics and artificial intelligence. This work addresses the problem of decentralized goal assignment for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Murad Ismayilov , Edwin Meriaux , Shuo Wen , Gregory Dudek

Recent advances in the intrinsic reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have given rise to LLM-based agent systems that exhibit near-human performance on a variety of automated tasks. However, although these systems share…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Bingxi Zhao , Lin Geng Foo , Ping Hu , Christian Theobalt , Hossein Rahmani , Jun Liu

Multi-agent LLM systems have demonstrated impressive capabilities in complex collaborative tasks, yet most frameworks treat communication as instantaneous and free, overlooking a fundamental constraint in real world teamwork, collaboration…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yiming Lu , Xun Wang , Simin Ma , Shujian Liu , Sathish Reddy Indurthi , Song Wang , Haoyun Deng , Fei Liu , Kaiqiang Song

Multi-agent systems based on large language models, particularly centralized architectures, have recently shown strong potential for complex and knowledge-intensive tasks. However, central agents often suffer from unstable long-horizon…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Ruizhe Zhang , Xinke Jiang , Zhibang Yang , Zhixin Zhang , Jiaran Gao , Yuzhen Xiao , Hongbin Lai , Xu Chu , Junfeng Zhao , Yasha Wang

Multi-agent LLM systems are increasingly deployed as autonomous collaborators, where agents interact freely rather than execute fixed, pre-specified workflows. In such settings, effective coordination cannot be fully designed in advance and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Aneesh Pappu , Batu El , Hancheng Cao , Carmelo di Nolfo , Yanchao Sun , Meng Cao , James Zou

Reinforcement learning algorithms can train agents that solve problems in complex, interesting environments. Normally, the complexity of the trained agent is closely related to the complexity of the environment. This suggests that a highly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Trapit Bansal , Jakub Pachocki , Szymon Sidor , Ilya Sutskever , Igor Mordatch

We develop a new framework for multi-agent collision avoidance problem. The framework combined traditional pathfinding algorithm and reinforcement learning. In our approach, the agents learn whether to be navigated or to take simple actions…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Hongda Qiu

Intelligent agents powered by AI planning assist people in complex scenarios, such as managing teams of semi-autonomous vehicles. However, AI planning models may be incomplete, leading to plans that do not adequately meet the stated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Ronal Singh , Tim Miller , Darryn Reid

Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly powerful and capable of handling complex tasks, e.g., building single agents and multi-agent systems. Compared to single agents, multi-agent systems have higher requirements for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Wei Wang , Dan Zhang , Tao Feng , Boyan Wang , Jie Tang

This paper introduces LLM-MARL, a unified framework that incorporates large language models (LLMs) into multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) to enhance coordination, communication, and generalization in simulated game environments. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zhengyang Li , Sawyer Campos , Nana Wang

We envision a continuous collaborative learning system where groups of LLM agents work together to solve reasoning problems, drawing on memory they collectively build to improve performance as they gain experience. This work establishes the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Julie Michelman , Nasrin Baratalipour , Matthew Abueg

Through multi-agent competition and the sparse high-level objective of winning a race, we find that both agile flight (e.g., high-speed motion pushing the platform to its physical limits) and strategy (e.g., overtaking or blocking) emerge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Vineet Pasumarti , Lorenzo Bianchi , Antonio Loquercio

We study the planning and acting phase for the problem of multi-agent path finding (MAPF) in this paper. MAPF is a problem of navigating agents from their start positions to specified individual goal positions so that agents do not collide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Matouš Kulhan , Pavel Surynek

In this paper a deep reinforcement based multi-agent path planning approach is introduced. The experiments are realized in a simulation environment and in this environment different multi-agent path planning problems are produced. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Mert Çetinkaya

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the capacity of performing complex scheduling in a multi-agent system and can coordinate these agents into completing sophisticated tasks that require extensive collaboration. However, despite the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Ran Gong , Qiuyuan Huang , Xiaojian Ma , Hoi Vo , Zane Durante , Yusuke Noda , Zilong Zheng , Song-Chun Zhu , Demetri Terzopoulos , Li Fei-Fei , Jianfeng Gao

Object rearrangement is a fundamental problem in robotics with various practical applications ranging from managing warehouses to cleaning and organizing home kitchens. While existing research has primarily focused on single-agent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Vivek Gupta , Praphpreet Dhir , Jeegn Dani , Ahmed H. Qureshi

Coding agents represent a new paradigm in automated software engineering, combining the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) with tool-augmented interaction loops. However, coding agents still have severe limitations.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Tural Mehtiyev , Wesley Assunção

With the rapid advancement of post-training techniques for reasoning and information seeking, large language models (LLMs) can incorporate a large quantity of retrieved knowledge to solve complex tasks. However, the limited context window…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zijun Liu , Zhennan Wan , Peng Li , Ming Yan , Fei Huang , Yang Liu