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Topologically-ordered phases are stable to local perturbations, and topological quantum error-correcting codes enjoy thresholds to local errors. We connect the two notions of stability by constructing classical statistical mechanics models…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-13 Yaodong Li , Nicholas O'Dea , Vedika Khemani

Gauge theories are fundamental to our understanding of interactions between the elementary constituents of matter as mediated by gauge bosons. However, computing the real-time dynamics in gauge theories is a notorious challenge for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-28 E. A. Martinez , C. A. Muschik , P. Schindler , D. Nigg , A. Erhard , M. Heyl , P. Hauke , M. Dalmonte , T. Monz , P. Zoller , R. Blatt

Gauge theories are the most successful theories for describing nature at its fundamental level, but obtaining analytical or numerical solutions often remains a challenge. We propose an experimental quantum simulation scheme to study ground…

A major driver of quantum-simulator technology is the prospect of probing high-energy phenomena in synthetic quantum matter setups at a high level of control and tunability. Here, we propose an experimentally feasible realization of a…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2025-07-22 Jesse Osborne , Ian P. McCulloch , Bing Yang , Philipp Hauke , Jad C. Halimeh

Lattice gauge theories (LGTs) represent one of the most ambitious goals of quantum simulation. From a practical implementation perspective, non-Abelian theories present significantly tougher challenges than Abelian LGTs. However, it is…

We construct a quantum system of spherical spins with a continuous local symmetry. The model is exactly soluble in the thermodynamic limit and exhibits a number of interesting properties. We show that the local symmetry is spontaneously…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-02-18 Pedro R. S. Gomes , P. F. Bienzobaz

Is gauge symmetry merely a redundancy in our description, or does it carry a deeper information-theoretic significance? Quantum error-correcting codes (QECCs) show that redundancy can serve as a resource for protecting information against…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Elias Rothlin , Carla Ferradini , Lin-Qing Chen

Quantum simulations of Lattice Gauge Theories (LGTs) are often formulated on an enlarged Hilbert space containing both physical and unphysical sectors in order to retain a local Hamiltonian. We provide simple fault-tolerant procedures that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-21 Abhishek Rajput , Alessandro Roggero , Nathan Wiebe

In recent investigations, it has been found that conservation laws generally lead to precision limits on quantum computing. Lower bounds of the error probability have been obtained for various logic operations from the commutation relation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Tokishiro Karasawa , Masanao Ozawa

Developing methods to accurately characterize and mitigate the impact of noise is crucial for enhancing the fidelity of quantum simulations on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. In this work, we present a circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Ruizhe Shen , Tianqi Chen , Ching Hua Lee

Quantum simulation of synthetic dynamic gauge field has attracted much attentions in recent years. There are two traditional ways to simulate gauge theories. One is to directly simulate the full Hamiltonian of gauge theories with local…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2025-03-31 Junsen Wang , Xiangxiang Sun , Wei Zheng

Disorder-free localization is a recently discovered phenomenon of nonergodicity that can emerge in quantum many-body systems hosting gauge symmetries when the initial state is prepared in a superposition of gauge superselection sectors.…

We show that quantum algorithms of time $T$ and space $S\ge \log T$ with unitary operations and intermediate measurements can be simulated by quantum algorithms of time $T \cdot \mathrm{poly} (S)$ and space $ {O}(S\cdot \log T)$ with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-31 Uma Girish , Ran Raz

The Schwinger model (quantum electrodynamics in 1+1 dimensions) is a testbed for the study of quantum gauge field theories. We give scalable, explicit digital quantum algorithms to simulate the lattice Schwinger model in both NISQ and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-12 Alexander F. Shaw , Pavel Lougovski , Jesse R. Stryker , Nathan Wiebe

Variational quantum algorithms provide feasible approaches for simulating quantum systems and are applied widely. For lattice gauge theory, however, variational quantum simulation faces a challenge as local gauge invariance enforces a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Lang-Xing Cheng , Dan-Bo Zhang

In quantum computations of gauge theories at finite temperature and finite density, enforcing Gauss's law for all states contributing to the thermal ensemble is a nontrivial challenge. In this work, we adopt the Quantum Minimally Entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Reita Maeno

The digital quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories is expected to become a major application of quantum computers. Measurement-based quantum computation is a widely studied competitor of the standard circuit-based approach. We…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2024-01-22 Hiroki Sukeno , Takuya Okuda

An overarching goal in the flourishing field of quantum simulation for high-energy physics is the first-principles study of the microscopic dynamics of scattering processes on a quantum computer. Currently, this is hampered by small system…

Symmetry is fundamental to physical laws across different scales$\unicode{x2014}$from spacetime structure in general relativity to particle interactions in quantum field theory. Local symmetries, described by gauge theories, are central to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-13 Abhijit Chakraborty , Randy Lewis , Christine A. Muschik

In this work we extend the connection between Quantum Error Correction (QEC) and Lattice Gauge Theories (LGTs) by showing that a $\mathbb{Z}_N$ gauge theory with prime dimension $N$ coupled to dynamical matter can be expressed as a qudit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Luca Spagnoli , Alessandro Roggero , Nathan Wiebe