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We study the generalization properties of the popular stochastic optimization method known as stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for optimizing general non-convex loss functions. Our main contribution is providing upper bounds on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Gergely Neu , Gintare Karolina Dziugaite , Mahdi Haghifam , Daniel M. Roy

This paper analyzes the trajectories of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) to help understand the algorithm's convergence properties in non-convex problems. We first show that the sequence of iterates generated by SGD remains bounded and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-22 Panayotis Mertikopoulos , Nadav Hallak , Ali Kavis , Volkan Cevher

For strongly convex objectives that are smooth, the classical theory of gradient descent ensures linear convergence relative to the number of gradient evaluations. An analogous nonsmooth theory is challenging. Even when the objective is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-19 X. Y. Han , Adrian S. Lewis

Decentralized minimax optimization has been actively studied in the past few years due to its application in a wide range of machine learning models. However, the current theoretical understanding of its convergence rate is far from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Yihan Zhang , Wenhao Jiang , Feng Zheng , Chiu C. Tan , Xinghua Shi , Hongchang Gao

Stochastic (sub)gradient methods require step size schedule tuning to perform well in practice. Classical tuning strategies decay the step size polynomially and lead to optimal sublinear rates on (strongly) convex problems. An alternative…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-24 Damek Davis , Dmitriy Drusvyatskiy , Vasileios Charisopoulos

This paper considers distributed optimization for minimizing the average of local nonconvex cost functions, by using local information exchange over undirected communication networks. To reduce the required communication capacity, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-03 Lei Xu , Xinlei Yi , Jiayue Sun , Yang Shi , Karl H. Johansson , Tao Yang

In machine learning applications, it is well known that carefully designed learning rate (step size) schedules can significantly improve the convergence of commonly used first-order optimization algorithms. Therefore how to set step size…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-19 Xiaoyu Wang , Mikael Johansson , Tong Zhang

Stochastic gradient descent is one of the most common iterative algorithms used in machine learning and its convergence analysis is a rich area of research. Understanding its convergence properties can help inform what modifications of it…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Liam Madden , Emiliano Dall'Anese , Stephen Becker

In stochastic optimization, the population risk is generally approximated by the empirical risk. However, in the large-scale setting, minimization of the empirical risk may be computationally restrictive. In this paper, we design an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-22 Murat A. Erdogdu , Mohsen Bayati , Lee H. Dicker

The paper considers distributed stochastic optimization over randomly switching networks, where agents collaboratively minimize the average of all agents' local expectation-valued convex cost functions. Due to the stochasticity in gradient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-07 Jinlong Lei , Peng Yi , Jie Chen , Yiguang Hong

The Polyak-Lojasiewicz (PL) inequality is a sufficient condition for establishing linear convergence of gradient descent, even in non-convex settings. While several recent works use a PL-based analysis to establish linear convergence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Adityanarayanan Radhakrishnan , Mikhail Belkin , Caroline Uhler

This paper is devoted to the study of stochastic optimization problems under the generalized smoothness assumption. By considering the unbiased gradient oracle in Stochastic Gradient Descent, we provide strategies to achieve in bounds the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-26 Aleksandr Lobanov , Alexander Gasnikov

The framework of Integral Quadratic Constraints (IQCs) is used to perform an analysis of gradient descent with varying step sizes. Two performance metrics are considered: convergence rate and noise amplification. We assume that the step…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Ram Padmanabhan , Peter Seiler

In this paper, we establish new convergence results for the quantized distributed gradient descent and suggest a novel strategy of choosing the stepsizes for the high-performance of the algorithm. Under the strongly convexity assumption on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-03 Woocheol Choi , Myeong-Su Lee

We develop a class of algorithms, as variants of the stochastically controlled stochastic gradient (SCSG) methods (Lei and Jordan, 2016), for the smooth non-convex finite-sum optimization problem. Assuming the smoothness of each component,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-17 Lihua Lei , Cheng Ju , Jianbo Chen , Michael I. Jordan

Stochastic gradient descent with momentum, also known as Stochastic Heavy Ball method (SHB), is one of the most popular algorithms for solving large-scale stochastic optimization problems in various machine learning tasks. In practical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-05 Dimitris Oikonomou , Nicolas Loizou

Gaussian processes are a powerful framework for quantifying uncertainty and for sequential decision-making but are limited by the requirement of solving linear systems. In general, this has a cubic cost in dataset size and is sensitive to…

We propose a novel study of the stochastic proximal gradient method for minimizing the sum of two convex functions, one of which is smooth. Under suitable assumptions and without requiring any boundedness or control of the variance of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Javier I. Madariaga

We give a novel analytic analysis of the worst-case complexity of the gradient method with exact line search and the Polyak stepsize, respectively, which previously could only be established by computer-assisted proof. Our analysis is based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-09 Ya-Kui Huang , Hou-Duo Qi

Recent studies show that transformer-based architectures emulate gradient descent during a forward pass, contributing to in-context learning capabilities - an ability where the model adapts to new tasks based on a sequence of prompt…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-13 Karthik Duraisamy