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Related papers: Attention-Free Keyword Spotting

200 papers

Open-vocabulary keyword spotting (KWS) refers to the task of detecting words or terms within speech recordings, regardless of whether they were included in the training data. This paper introduces an open-vocabulary keyword spotting model…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-08 Yael Segal-Feldman , Ann R. Bradlow , Matthew Goldrick , Joseph Keshet

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated satisfactory performance across various vision-language tasks. Current approaches for vision and language interaction fall into two categories:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Feipeng Ma , Yizhou Zhou , Zheyu Zhang , Shilin Yan , Hebei Li , Zilong He , Siying Wu , Fengyun Rao , Yueyi Zhang , Xiaoyan Sun

Attention is a very popular and effective mechanism in artificial neural network-based sequence-to-sequence models. In this survey paper, a comprehensive review of the different attention models used in developing automatic speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Priyabrata Karmakar , Shyh Wei Teng , Guojun Lu

Attention-free language models that combine gating and convolutions are growing in popularity due to their efficiency and increasingly competitive performance. To better understand these architectures, we pretrain a suite of 17 attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Simran Arora , Sabri Eyuboglu , Aman Timalsina , Isys Johnson , Michael Poli , James Zou , Atri Rudra , Christopher Ré

Modern language models rely on the transformer architecture and attention mechanism to perform language understanding and text generation. In this work, we study learning a 1-layer self-attention model from a set of prompts and associated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 M. Emrullah Ildiz , Yixiao Huang , Yingcong Li , Ankit Singh Rawat , Samet Oymak

Pretrained language models based on the transformer architecture have shown great success in NLP. Textual training data often comes from the web and is thus tagged with time-specific information, but most language models ignore this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Guy D. Rosin , Kira Radinsky

Self-attention mechanism is the key of the Transformer but often criticized for its computation demands. Previous token pruning works motivate their methods from the view of computation redundancy but still need to load the full network and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Sihao Lin , Pumeng Lyu , Dongrui Liu , Tao Tang , Xiaodan Liang , Andy Song , Xiaojun Chang

Identifying keywords in an open-vocabulary context is crucial for personalizing interactions with smart devices. Previous approaches to open vocabulary keyword spotting dependon a shared embedding space created by audio and text encoders.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Kesavaraj V , Anil Kumar Vuppala

Retrieving spoken content with spoken queries, or query-by- example spoken term detection (STD), is attractive because it makes possible the matching of signals directly on the acoustic level without transcribing them into text. Here, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-30 Chia-Wei Ao , Hung-yi Lee

Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) is achieved via aligning the semantic relationships between the global image feature vector and the corresponding class semantic descriptions. However, using the global features to represent fine-grained images may…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Yunlong Yu , Zhong Ji , Yanwei Fu , Jichang Guo , Yanwei Pang , Zhongfei Zhang

To fully leverage the advantages of large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs) on downstream tasks, it has become a ubiquitous adaptation paradigm to fine-tune the entire parameters of PLMs. However, this paradigm poses issues of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Anchun Gui , Han Xiao

Learned self-attention functions in state-of-the-art NLP models often correlate with human attention. We investigate whether self-attention in large-scale pre-trained language models is as predictive of human eye fixation patterns during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Stephanie Brandl , Oliver Eberle , Jonas Pilot , Anders Søgaard

Attention-based deep networks have been successfully applied on textual data in the field of NLP. However, their application on protein sequences poses additional challenges due to the weak semantics of the protein words, unlike the plain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Ashish Ranjan , Md Shah Fahad , Akshay Deepak

Using a vision-inspired keyword spotting framework, we propose an architecture with input-dependent dynamic depth capable of processing streaming audio. Specifically, we extend a conformer encoder with trainable binary gates that allow us…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Alexandre Bittar , Paul Dixon , Mohammad Samragh , Kumari Nishu , Devang Naik

Recently, incorporating knowledge from pretrained language models (PLMs) into decision transformers (DTs) has generated significant attention in offline reinforcement learning (RL). These PLMs perform well in RL tasks, raising an intriguing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Wenhao Zhao , Qiushui Xu , Linjie Xu , Lei Song , Jinyu Wang , Chunlai Zhou , Jiang Bian

In this paper, gating mechanisms are applied in deep neural network (DNN) training for x-vector-based text-independent speaker verification. First, a gated convolution neural network (GCNN) is employed for modeling the frame-level embedding…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-05 Lanhua You , Wu Guo , Lirong Dai , Jun Du

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across many natural language processing tasks, yet their decision processes remain difficult to interpret. This lack of transparency creates challenges for trust, debugging, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Venkata Abhinandan Kancharla

Self-attention scales quadratically with sequence length, limiting transformer-based speech models on edge devices. We introduce the Learnable Pulse Accumulator (LPA), an O(n) replacement that substitutes key-query dot products with learned…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-19 Yakov Pyotr Shkolnikov

Improving the effectiveness and efficiency of large language models (LLMs) simultaneously is a critical yet challenging research goal. In this paper, we find that low-rank pre-training, normally considered as efficient methods that will…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xingtai Lv , Ning Ding , Kaiyan Zhang , Ermo Hua , Ganqu Cui , Bowen Zhou

Key-Value (KV) cache memory and bandwidth increasingly dominate large language model inference cost in long-context and long-generation regimes. Architectures such as multi-head latent attention (MLA) and hybrid sliding-window attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zhen Cheng , Hao-Bo Yang , Wan-Yi Huang , Jin-Long Li