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Fine-tuning of pre-trained transformer models has become the standard approach for solving common NLP tasks. Most of the existing approaches rely on a randomly initialized classifier on top of such networks. We argue that this fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Alexandre Tamborrino , Nicola Pellicano , Baptiste Pannier , Pascal Voitot , Louise Naudin

Test-time interventions for language models can enhance factual accuracy, mitigate harmful outputs, and improve model efficiency without costly retraining. But despite a flood of new methods, different types of interventions are largely…

In this paper, we demonstrate the efficacy of transfer learning and continuous learning for various automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks. We start with a pre-trained English ASR model and show that transfer learning can be effectively…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-12 Jocelyn Huang , Oleksii Kuchaiev , Patrick O'Neill , Vitaly Lavrukhin , Jason Li , Adriana Flores , Georg Kucsko , Boris Ginsburg

Various Large Language Models~(LLMs) from the Generative Pretrained Transformer(GPT) family have achieved outstanding performances in a wide range of text generation tasks. However, the enormous model sizes have hindered their practical use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Hang Shao , Bei Liu , Bo Xiao , Ke Zeng , Guanglu Wan , Yanmin Qian

In this paper we consider estimation of sparse covariance matrices and propose a thresholding procedure which is adaptive to the variability of individual entries. The estimators are fully data driven and enjoy excellent performance both…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-02-14 Tony Cai , Weidong Liu

The rapid growth in the parameter size of Large Language Models (LLMs) has spurred the development of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods to mitigate the substantial computational costs of fine-tuning. Among these, Fisher Induced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Kang Xue , Ming Dong , Xinhui Tu , Tingting He

Adapting a large language model for multiple-attribute text style transfer via fine-tuning can be challenging due to the significant amount of computational resources and labeled data required for the specific task. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Zhiqiang Hu , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Nancy F. Chen

Sparse Mixture of Expert (SMoE) models have emerged as a scalable alternative to dense models in language modeling. These models use conditionally activated feedforward subnetworks in transformer blocks, allowing for a separation between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Soumajyoti Sarkar , Leonard Lausen , Volkan Cevher , Sheng Zha , Thomas Brox , George Karypis

Large language models deliver strong generative performance but at the cost of massive parameter counts, memory use, and decoding latency. Prior work has shown that pruning and structured sparsity can preserve accuracy under substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Andrew Kiruluta

Self-supervised learning has emerged as a powerful approach for leveraging large-scale unlabeled data to improve model performance in various domains. In this paper, we explore masked self-supervised pre-training for text recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Martin Kišš , Michal Hradiš

This paper introduces an efficient and robust method for discovering interpretable circuits in large language models using discrete sparse autoencoders. Our approach addresses key limitations of existing techniques, namely computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Charles O'Neill , Thang Bui

Existing speech emotion recognition (SER) methods commonly suffer from the lack of high-quality large-scale corpus, partly due to the complex, psychological nature of emotion which makes accurate labeling difficult and time consuming.…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Haoyu Song , Ian McLoughlin , Qing Gu , Nan Jiang , Yan Song

Transformer-based self-supervised models are trained as feature extractors and have empowered many downstream speech tasks to achieve state-of-the-art performance. However, both the training and inference process of these models may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Jinchuan Tian , Rongzhi Gu , Helin Wang , Yuexian Zou

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a standard approach to adapting large language models (LLMs) to new domains. In this work, we improve the statistical efficiency of SFT by selecting an informative subset of training examples. Specifically,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Rohan Deb , Kiran Thekumparampil , Kousha Kalantari , Gaurush Hiranandani , Shoham Sabach , Branislav Kveton

Multilingual pre-trained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on several downstream tasks for both high-resourced and low-resourced languages. However, there is still a large performance drop for languages unseen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Jesujoba O. Alabi , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Marius Mosbach , Dietrich Klakow

Fine-tuning speech representation models can enhance performance on specific tasks but often compromises their cross-task generalization ability. This degradation is often caused by excessive changes in the representations, making it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Tzu-Quan Lin , Wei-Ping Huang , Hao Tang , Hung-yi Lee

Large pretrained language models (PLMs) are often domain- or task-adapted via fine-tuning or prompting. Finetuning requires modifying all of the parameters and having enough data to avoid overfitting while prompting requires no training and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Zejiang Hou , Julian Salazar , George Polovets

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has become a common method for fine-tuning large language models, where a base model can serve multiple users through PEFT module switching. To enhance user experience, base models require periodic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Naibin Gu , Peng Fu , Xiyu Liu , Ke Ma , Zheng Lin , Weiping Wang

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has emerged as a popular solution for adapting pre-trained Vision Transformer (ViT) models to downstream applications by updating only a small subset of parameters. While current PEFT methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Ting Liu , Xuyang Liu , Liangtao Shi , Zunnan Xu , Yue Hu , Siteng Huang , Yi Xin , Bineng Zhong , Donglin Wang

Cross-lingual knowledge transfer, especially between high- and low-resource languages, remains challenging in natural language processing (NLP). This study offers insights for improving cross-lingual NLP applications through the combination…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Ivan Vykopal , Simon Ostermann , Marián Šimko
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