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Passwords are ubiquitous and most commonly used to authenticate users when logging into online services. Using high entropy passwords is critical to prevent unauthorized access and password policies emerged to enforce this requirement on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-15 Khoa Nguyen , Benjamin Hong Meng Tan , Huaxiong Wang

We study non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs (NIZKs) for NP satisfying: 1) statistical soundness, 2) computational zero-knowledge and 3) certified-everlasting zero-knowledge (CE-ZK). The CE-ZK property allows a verifier of a quantum proof…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Nikhil Pappu

Data valuation is a foundational task in data marketplaces, where a Shapley-value attribution determines how a buyer's payment is distributed among data providers. Typically, the marketplace operator runs this attribution alone, requiring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Zhaoyu Wang , Pingchuan Ma , Zhantong Xue , Yuguang Zhou , Qixin Zhang , Xiaoqin Zhang , Shuai Wang

This paper presents the first in a series of results that allow us to develop a theory providing finer control over the complexity of normalisation, and in particular of cut elimination. By considering atoms as self-dual non-commutative…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Andrea Aler Tubella , Alessio Guglielmi

When users query proprietary LLM APIs, they receive outputs with no cryptographic assurance that the claimed model was actually used. Service providers could substitute cheaper models, apply aggressive quantization, or return cached…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zhaohui Geoffrey Wang

We propose a simple method to generate multilingual question and answer pairs on a large scale through the use of a single generative model. These synthetic samples can be used to improve the zero-shot performance of multilingual QA models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Siamak Shakeri , Noah Constant , Mihir Sanjay Kale , Linting Xue

We propose a new declarative planning language, called K, which is based on principles and methods of logic programming. In this language, transitions between states of knowledge can be described, rather than transitions between completely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-02-21 Thomas Eiter , Wolfgang Faber , Nicola Leone , Gerald Pfeifer , Axel Polleres

Grounding dialogue response generation on external knowledge is proposed to produce informative and engaging responses. However, current knowledge-grounded dialogue (KGD) systems often fail to align the generated responses with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Bryan Wilie , Yan Xu , Willy Chung , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Holy Lovenia , Pascale Fung

A recent breakthrough [Hirahara and Nanashima, STOC'2024] established that if $\mathsf{NP} \not \subseteq \mathsf{ioP/poly}$, the existence of zero-knowledge with negligible errors for $\mathsf{NP}$ implies the existence of one-way…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Suvradip Chakraborty , James Hulett , Dakshita Khurana , Kabir Tomer

We uncover a close relationship between combinatorial and syntactic proofs for first-order logic (without equality). Whereas syntactic proofs are formalized in a deductive proof system based on inference rules, a combinatorial proof is a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Dominic Hughes , Lutz Straßburger , Jui-Hsuan Wu

The states in the three-qubit GHZ SLOCC class can exhibit diverse entanglement patterns, as they may have no entanglement in any reduced subsystems, or show entanglement across one, two, or all three bipartite cuts. Significant research has…

We construct a publicly-verifiable non-interactive zero-knowledge argument system for QMA with the following properties. 1. Transparent setup. Our protocol only requires a uniformly random string (URS) setup. The only prior…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 James Bartusek , Ruta Jawale , Justin Raizes , Kabir Tomer

We present a novel technique for zero-shot paraphrase generation. The key contribution is an end-to-end multilingual paraphrasing model that is trained using translated parallel corpora to generate paraphrases into "meaning spaces" --…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Monisha Jegadeesan , Sachin Kumar , John Wieting , Yulia Tsvetkov

We define a infinitary labelled sequent calculus for PDL, G3PDL^{\infty}. A finitarily representable cyclic system, G3PDL^{\omega}, is then given. We show that both are sound and complete with respect to standard models of PDL and, further,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-05-20 Simon Docherty , Reuben N. S. Rowe

Zero-knowledge proof system is an important protocol that can be used as a basic block for construction of other more complex cryptographic protocols. An intrinsic characteristic of a zero-knowledge systems is the assumption that is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jose Claudio do Nascimento , Rubens Viana Ramos

Verification proofs encode complete program behavior, yet we discard them after checking correctness. We present compiling by proving, a paradigm that transforms these proofs into optimized execution rules. By constructing All-Path…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Jianhong Zhao , Everett Hildenbrandt , Juan Conejero , Yongwang Zhao

Pretrained multilingual encoder models can directly perform zero-shot multilingual tasks or linguistic probing by reformulating the input examples into cloze-style prompts. This is accomplished by predicting the probabilities of the label…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Ercong Nie , Helmut Schmid , Hinrich Schütze

Plonkish is a popular circuit format for developing zero-knowledge proof systems that powers a number of major projects in the blockchain space, responsible for holding billions of dollars and processing millions of transactions per day.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Marco Stronati , Denis Firsov , Antonio Locascio , Benjamin Livshits

This paper investigates the feasibility of achieving zero-knowledge verifiability for graph databases, enabling database owners to cryptographically prove the query execution correctness without disclosing the underlying data. Although…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Hao Wu , Changzheng Wei , Yanhao Wang , Li Lin , Yilong Leng , Shiyu He , Minghao Zhao , Hanghang Wu , Ying Yan , Aoying Zhou

Reasoning about quantum programs remains a fundamental challenge, regardless of the programming model or computational paradigm. Despite extensive research, existing verification techniques are insufficient -- even for quantum circuits, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Nengkun Yu , Jens Palsberg , Thomas Reps