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Automatically locating vulnerable statements in source code is crucial to assure software security and alleviate developers' debugging efforts. This becomes even more important in today's software ecosystem, where vulnerable code can flow…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Yangruibo Ding , Sahil Suneja , Yunhui Zheng , Jim Laredo , Alessandro Morari , Gail Kaiser , Baishakhi Ray

Automated detection of vulnerabilities in source code is an essential cybersecurity challenge, underpinning trust in digital systems and services. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a promising approach as they can learn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-10 David Egea , Barproda Halder , Sanghamitra Dutta

The graph-based model can help to detect suspicious fraud online. Owing to the development of Graph Neural Networks~(GNNs), prior research work has proposed many GNN-based fraud detection frameworks based on either homogeneous graphs or…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Zhiwei Liu , Yingtong Dou , Philip S. Yu , Yutong Deng , Hao Peng

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many graph learning tasks. However, recent studies show that GNNs are vulnerable to both test-time evasion and training-time poisoning attacks that perturb the graph…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Binghui Wang , Meng Pang , Yun Dong

Vector Quantization (VQ) has recently emerged as a promising approach for learning discrete representations of graph-structured data. However, a fundamental challenge, i.e., codebook collapse, remains underexplored in the graph domain,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zian Zhai , Fan Li , Xingyu Tan , Xiaoyang Wang , Wenjie Zhang

Software security vulnerabilities allow attackers to perform malicious activities to disrupt software operations. Recent Transformer-based language models have significantly advanced vulnerability detection, surpassing the capabilities of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Aidan Z. H. Yang , Haoye Tian , He Ye , Ruben Martins , Claire Le Goues

Software security is becoming a high priority for both large companies and start-ups alike due to the increasing potential for harm that vulnerabilities and breaches carry with them. However, attaining robust security assurance while…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-08-06 David N. Palacio , Daniel McCrystal , Kevin Moran , Carlos Bernal-Cárdenas , Denys Poshyvanyk , Chris Shenefiel

Software vulnerabilities, caused by unintentional flaws in source codes, are the main root cause of cyberattacks. Source code static analysis has been used extensively to detect the unintentional defects, i.e. vulnerabilities, introduced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Arash Mahyari

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved notable success in tasks such as social and transportation networks. However, recent studies have highlighted the vulnerability of GNNs to backdoor attacks, raising significant concerns about their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Chang Liu , Hai Huang , Yujie Xing , Xingquan Zuo

Smart contract vulnerability detection draws extensive attention in recent years due to the substantial losses caused by hacker attacks. Existing efforts for contract security analysis heavily rely on rigid rules defined by experts, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Zhenguang Liu , Peng Qian , Xiaoyang Wang , Yuan Zhuang , Lin Qiu , Xun Wang

Software vulnerabilities remain a persistent risk, yet static and dynamic analyses often overlook structural dependencies that shape insecure behaviors. Viewing programs as heterogeneous graphs, we capture control- and data-flow relations…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jugal Gajjar , Kaustik Ranaware , Kamalasankari Subramaniakuppusamy

Large language models (LLMs) have been proposed as powerful tools for detecting software vulnerabilities, where task-specific fine-tuning is typically employed to provide vulnerability-specific knowledge to the LLMs. However, existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ruijun Feng , Hammond Pearce , Pietro Liguori , Yulei Sui

Timely detection of hardware vulnerabilities during the early design stage is critical for reducing remediation costs. Existing early detection techniques often require specialized security expertise, limiting their usability. Recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Xiang Long , Yingjie Xia , Xiyuan Chen , Li Kuang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a notorious alternative to address learning problems dealing with non-Euclidean datasets. However, although most works assume that the graph is perfectly known, the observed topology is prone to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Victor M. Tenorio , Samuel Rey , Antonio G. Marques

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a prominent graph learning model in various graph-based tasks over the years. Nevertheless, due to the vulnerabilities of GNNs, it has been empirically shown that malicious attackers could easily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Yushun Dong , Binchi Zhang , Hanghang Tong , Jundong Li

Mission-critical embedded software is critical to our society's infrastructure but can be subject to new security vulnerabilities as technology advances. When security issues arise, Reverse Engineers (REs) use Software Reverse Engineering…

Software vulnerabilities in source code pose serious cybersecurity risks, prompting a shift from traditional detection methods (e.g., static analysis, rule-based matching) to AI-driven approaches. This study presents a systematic review of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Samiha Shimmi , Hamed Okhravi , Mona Rahimi

Recently, text classification model based on graph neural network (GNN) has attracted more and more attention. Most of these models adopt a similar network paradigm, that is, using pre-training node embedding initialization and two-layer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Jiayuan Chen , Boyu Zhang , Yinfei Xu , Meng Wang

Fraud detection problems are usually formulated as a machine learning problem on a graph. Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown solid performance on fraud detection. The successes of most previous methods heavily rely on rich…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Chen Wang , Yingtong Dou , Min Chen , Jia Chen , Zhiwei Liu , Philip S. Yu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been widely used in many real applications, and recent studies have revealed their vulnerabilities against topology attacks. To address this issue, existing efforts have mainly been dedicated to improving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Senrong Xu , Yuan Yao , Liangyue Li , Wei Yang , Feng Xu , Hanghang Tong