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Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have achieved great success in NLP and have recently been used for tasks in computational semantics. However, these tasks do not fully benefit from PLMs since meaning representations are not explicitly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Chunliu Wang , Huiyuan Lai , Malvina Nissim , Johan Bos

Pretrained language models (PLMs) have produced substantial improvements in discourse-aware neural machine translation (NMT), for example, improved coherence in spoken language translation. However, the underlying reasons for their strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Zhihong Huang , Longyue Wang , Siyou Liu , Derek F. Wong

We introduce Sentence-level Language Modeling, a new pre-training objective for learning a discourse language representation in a fully self-supervised manner. Recent pre-training methods in NLP focus on learning either bottom or top-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Haejun Lee , Drew A. Hudson , Kangwook Lee , Christopher D. Manning

Adapting language models (LMs) to novel domains is often achieved through fine-tuning a pre-trained LM (PLM) on domain-specific data. Fine-tuning introduces new knowledge into an LM, enabling it to comprehend and efficiently perform a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Micheal Abaho , Danushka Bollegala , Gary Leeming , Dan Joyce , Iain E Buchan

Recent advances in pre-trained language modeling have facilitated significant progress across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Word masking during model training constitutes a pivotal component of language modeling in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Anas Belfathi , Ygor Gallina , Nicolas Hernandez , Richard Dufour , Laura Monceaux

Despite the development of pre-trained language models (PLMs) significantly raise the performances of various Chinese natural language processing (NLP) tasks, the vocabulary for these Chinese PLMs remain to be the one provided by Google…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Wei Zhu

Masked Language Modeling (MLM) is widely used to pretrain language models. The standard random masking strategy in MLM causes the pre-trained language models (PLMs) to be biased toward high-frequency tokens. Representation learning of rare…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Linhan Zhang , Qian Chen , Wen Wang , Chong Deng , Xin Cao , Kongzhang Hao , Yuxin Jiang , Wei Wang

The meanings of words and phrases depend not only on where they are used (contexts) but also on who use them (writers). Pretrained language models (PLMs) are powerful tools for capturing context, but they are typically pretrained and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Daisuke Oba , Naoki Yoshinaga , Masashi Toyoda

While pre-trained language models (PLMs) are the go-to solution to tackle many natural language processing problems, they are still very limited in their ability to capture and to use common-sense knowledge. In fact, even if information is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Mohammed Saeed , Naser Ahmadi , Preslav Nakov , Paolo Papotti

The current era of natural language processing (NLP) has been defined by the prominence of pre-trained language models since the advent of BERT. A feature of BERT and models with similar architecture is the objective of masked language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Ed S. Ma

We propose a novel task-agnostic in-domain pre-training method that sits between generic pre-training and fine-tuning. Our approach selectively masks in-domain keywords, i.e., words that provide a compact representation of the target…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Shahriar Golchin , Mihai Surdeanu , Nazgol Tavabi , Ata Kiapour

Prompt-based fine-tuning has boosted the performance of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) on few-shot text classification by employing task-specific prompts. Yet, PLMs are unfamiliar with prompt-style expressions during pre-training, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Jianing Wang , Chengyu Wang , Fuli Luo , Chuanqi Tan , Minghui Qiu , Fei Yang , Qiuhui Shi , Songfang Huang , Ming Gao

Contextual word embeddings obtained from pre-trained language model (PLM) have proven effective for various natural language processing tasks at the word level. However, interpreting the hidden aspects within embeddings, such as syntax and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Nayoung Choi

Pretraining sentence encoders with language modeling and related unsupervised tasks has recently been shown to be very effective for language understanding tasks. By supplementing language model-style pretraining with further training on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-01 Jason Phang , Thibault Févry , Samuel R. Bowman

Trained on the large corpus, pre-trained language models (PLMs) can capture different levels of concepts in context and hence generate universal language representations. They can benefit multiple downstream natural language processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Nankai Lin , Yingwen Fu , Chuwei Chen , Ziyu Yang , Shengyi Jiang

Pre-training large-scale neural language models on raw texts has made a significant contribution to improving transfer learning in natural language processing (NLP). With the introduction of transformer-based language models, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Shoya Wada , Toshihiro Takeda , Shiro Manabe , Shozo Konishi , Jun Kamohara , Yasushi Matsumura

In recent years, major advancements in natural language processing (NLP) have been driven by the emergence of large language models (LLMs), which have significantly revolutionized research and development within the field. Building upon…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Hazal Türkmen , Oğuz Dikenelli , Cenk Eraslan , Mehmet Cem Çallı , Süha Süreyya Özbek

In the era of high performing Large Language Models, researchers have widely acknowledged that contextual word representations are one of the key drivers in achieving top performances in downstream tasks. In this work, we investigate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Soniya Vijayakumar , Josef van Genabith , Simon Ostermann

The use of large pretrained neural networks to create contextualized word embeddings has drastically improved performance on several natural language processing (NLP) tasks. These computationally expensive models have begun to be applied to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Benjamin Clavié , Kobi Gal

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have achieved great success on Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) over the past few years. Although the general language representation learned from large-scale corpora does benefit MRC, the poor support…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Fangkai Jiao , Yangyang Guo , Yilin Niu , Feng Ji , Feng-Lin Li , Liqiang Nie