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Robotic visual systems operating in the wild must act in unconstrained scenarios, under different environmental conditions while facing a variety of semantic concepts, including unknown ones. To this end, recent works tried to empower…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Dario Fontanel , Fabio Cermelli , Massimiliano Mancini , Barbara Caputo

In most works on deep incremental learning research, it is assumed that novel samples are pre-identified for neural network retraining. However, practical deep classifiers often misidentify these samples, leading to erroneous predictions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Jiawen Xu , Claas Grohnfeldt , Odej Kao

Open-set action recognition is to reject unknown human action cases which are out of the distribution of the training set. Existing methods mainly focus on learning better uncertainty scores but dismiss the importance of feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Jun Cen , Shiwei Zhang , Xiang Wang , Yixuan Pei , Zhiwu Qing , Yingya Zhang , Qifeng Chen

Open-set learning and discovery (OSLD) is a challenging machine learning task in which samples from new (unknown) classes can appear at test time. It can be seen as a generalization of zero-shot learning, where the new classes are not known…

Recent advancements in deep learning have greatly enhanced 3D object recognition, but most models are limited to closed-set scenarios, unable to handle unknown samples in real-world applications. Open-set recognition (OSR) addresses this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Jinfeng Xu , Xianzhi Li , Yuan Tang , Xu Han , Qiao Yu , Yixue Hao , Long Hu , Min Chen

Generalized Zero-Shot Learning (GZSL) and Open-Set Recognition (OSR) are two mainstream settings that greatly extend conventional visual object recognition. However, the limitations of their problem settings are not negligible. The novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Zhaonan Li , Hongfu Liu

In real world scenarios, out-of-distribution (OOD) datasets may have a large distributional shift from training datasets. This phenomena generally occurs when a trained classifier is deployed on varying dynamic environments, which causes a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-08 Harshita Boonlia , Tanmoy Dam , Md Meftahul Ferdaus , Sreenatha G. Anavatti , Ankan Mullick

We present a novel counterfactual framework for both Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) and Open-Set Recognition (OSR), whose common challenge is generalizing to the unseen-classes by only training on the seen-classes. Our idea stems from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Zhongqi Yue , Tan Wang , Hanwang Zhang , Qianru Sun , Xian-Sheng Hua

Few-Shot Open-Set Recognition (FSOSR) targets a critical real-world challenge, aiming to categorize inputs into known categories, termed closed-set classes, while identifying open-set inputs that fall outside these classes. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Byeonggeun Kim , Juntae Lee , Kyuhong Shim , Simyung Chang

In recent years there has been significant progress in the field of 3D learning on classification, detection and segmentation problems. The vast majority of the existing studies focus on canonical closed-set conditions, neglecting the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Antonio Alliegro , Francesco Cappio Borlino , Tatiana Tommasi

Standard Occupational Classifiers (SOC) are systems used to categorize and classify different types of jobs and occupations based on their similarities in terms of job duties, skills, and qualifications. Integrating these facets with Big…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Sidharth Rony , Jack Patman

One promising approach to dealing with datapoints that are outside of the initial training distribution (OOD) is to create new classes that capture similarities in the datapoints previously rejected as uncategorizable. Systems that generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Jeremy Nixon , Jeremiah Liu , David Berthelot

Open-set semi-supervised learning (OSSL) leverages unlabeled data containing both in-distribution (ID) and unknown out-of-distribution (OOD) samples, aiming simultaneously to improve closed-set accuracy and detect novel OOD instances.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-19 You Rim Choi , Subeom Park , Seojun Heo , Eunchung Noh , Hyung-Sin Kim

Existing synthetic aperture radar automatic target recognition (SAR ATR) methods have been effective for the classification of seen target classes. However, it is more meaningful and challenging to distinguish the unseen target classes,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-22 Chenwei Wang , Siyi Luo , Jifang Pei , Xiaoyu Liu , Yulin Huang , Yin Zhang , Jianyu Yang

With the human pursuit of knowledge, open-set object detection (OSOD) has been designed to identify unknown objects in a dynamic world. However, an issue with the current setting is that all the predicted unknown objects share the same…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Jiyang Zheng , Weihao Li , Jie Hong , Lars Petersson , Nick Barnes

An understanding and classification of driving scenarios are important for testing and development of autonomous driving functionalities. Machine learning models are useful for scenario classification but most of them assume that data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Lakshman Balasubramanian , Friedrich Kruber , Michael Botsch , Ke Deng

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is an effective means to leverage unlabeled data to improve a model's performance. Typical SSL methods like FixMatch assume that labeled and unlabeled data share the same label space. However, in practice,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Kuniaki Saito , Donghyun Kim , Kate Saenko

While convolutional neural networks have brought significant advances in robot vision, their ability is often limited to closed world scenarios, where the number of semantic concepts to be recognized is determined by the available training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Dario Fontanel , Fabio Cermelli , Massimiliano Mancini , Samuel Rota Bulò , Elisa Ricci , Barbara Caputo

As we deploy machine learning systems in the real world, a core challenge is to maintain a model that is performant even as the data shifts. Such shifts can take many forms: new classes may emerge that were absent during training, a problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Shravan Chaudhari , Yoav Wald , Suchi Saria

Transformer classifiers such as BERT deliver impressive closed-set accuracy, yet they remain brittle when confronted with inputs from unseen categories--a common scenario for deployed NLP systems. We investigate Open-Set Recognition (OSR)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Tianshuo Yang , Ryan Rabinowitz , Terrance E. Boult , Jugal Kalita