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The final version of a new approach to quantum theory is formulated in this paper. The basis is taken to be theoretical variables, variables that may be accessible or inaccessible, i.e., it may be possible or impossible for an observer to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Inge S. Helland

The primary resource for quantum computation is Hilbert-space dimension. Whereas Hilbert space itself is an abstract construction, the number of dimensions available to a system is a physical quantity that requires physical resources.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Carlton M. Caves , Ivan H. Deutsch , Robin Blume-Kohout

Empirical evidence has confirmed that quantum effects occur frequently also outside the microscopic domain, while quantum structures satisfactorily model various situations in several areas of science, including biological, cognitive and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-12-31 Diederik Aerts , Sandro Sozzo , Jocelyn Tapia

An orthodox formulation of quantum mechanics relies on a set of postulates in Hilbert space supplemented with rules to connect it with classical mechanics such as quantisation techniques, correspondence principle, etc. Here we deduce a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Kelvin Onggadinata , Pawel Kurzynski , Dagomir Kaszlikowski

We argue that the complex numbers are an irreducible object of quantum probability. This can be seen in the measurements of geometric phases that have no classical probabilistic analogue. Having complex phases as primitive ingredient…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Charis Anastopoulos

We propose an exercise in which one attempts to deduce the formalism of quantum mechanics solely from phenomenological observations. The only assumed inputs are the multi-time probability distributions estimated from the results of…

Understanding the core content of quantum mechanics requires us to disentangle the hidden logical relationships between the postulates of this theory. Here we show that the mathematical structure of quantum measurements, the formula for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-02 Lluís Masanes , Thomas D. Galley , Markus P. Müller

Recent work on state sum models of quantum gravity in 3 and 4 dimensions has led to interest in the `quantum tetrahedron'. Starting with a classical phase space whose points correspond to geometries of the tetrahedron in R^3, we use…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 John C. Baez , John W. Barrett

A new type of gauge quantum theory (superrelativity) has been proposed. This differs from ordinary gauge theories in sense that the affine connection of our theory is constructed from first derivatives of the Fubini-Study metric tensor.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Leifer

Standard quantum mechanics employs complex Hilbert spaces, but whether complex numbers are fundamental or merely convenient has long been debated. For decades, real-valued equivalents were considered mathematically possible but cumbersome.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Alan C. Maioli , Evaldo M. F. Curado , Jean-Pierre Gazeau

Hilbert space combines the properties of two fundamentally different types of mathematical spaces: vector space and metric space. While the vector-space aspects of Hilbert space, such as formation of linear combinations of state vectors,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 I. D'Amico , J. P. Coe , V. V. Franca , K. Capelle

We summarize a new realist interpretation of quantum theory that builds on the existing physical structure of the theory and allows experiments to have definite outcomes, but leaves the theory's basic dynamical content essentially intact.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-09 Jacob A. Barandes , David Kagan

We argue in a model-independent way that the Hilbert space of quantum gravity is locally finite-dimensional. In other words, the density operator describing the state corresponding to a small region of space, when such a notion makes sense,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-11-22 Ning Bao , Sean M. Carroll , Ashmeet Singh

The basic mathematical framework for super Hilbert spaces over a Grassmann algebra with a Grassmann number-valued inner product is formulated. Super Hilbert spaces over infinitely generated Grassmann algebras arise in the functional…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Oliver Rudolph

We address the question about the reasons why the "Wick-rotated", positive-definite, space-time metric obeys the Pythagorean theorem. An answer is proposed based on the convexity and smoothness properties of the functional spaces purporting…

General Physics · Physics 2017-02-16 Nikolaos Kalogeropoulos

A formulation of quaternionic quantum mechanics ($\mathbb{H}$QM) is presented in terms of a real Hilbert space. Using a physically motivated scalar product, we prove the spectral theorem and obtain a novel quaternionic Fourier series. After…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-12 Sergio Giardino

Hilbert-Space Fundamentalism (HSF) states that the only fundamental structures are the quantum state vector and the Hamiltonian, and from them everything else emerge uniquely, including the 3D-space, a preferred basis, and a preferred…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-29 Ovidiu Cristinel Stoica

We present a new formulation of quantum holonomy theory, which is a candidate for a non-perturbative and background independent theory of quantum gravity coupled to matter and gauge degrees of freedom. The new formulation is based on a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-21 Johannes Aastrup , Jesper M. Grimstrup

In this paper, we propose an interpretation of the Hilbert space method used in quantum theory in the context of decision making under uncertainty. For a clear comparison we will stay as close as possible to the framework of SEU suggested…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-25 Juergen Eichberger , Hans Juergen Pirner

The general boundary formulation of quantum field theory is applied to a massive scalar field in two dimensional Rindler space. The field is quantized according to both the Schr\"odinger-Feynman quantization prescription and the holomorphic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-01-04 Daniele Colosi , Dennis Rätzel