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We study multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) in a stochastic network of agents. The objective is to find localized policies that maximize the (discounted) global reward. In general, scalability is a challenge in this setting because…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Yiheng Lin , Guannan Qu , Longbo Huang , Adam Wierman

Learning a world model for model-free Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents can significantly improve the sample efficiency by learning policies in imagination. However, building a world model for Multi-Agent RL (MARL) can be particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yang Zhang , Chenjia Bai , Bin Zhao , Junchi Yan , Xiu Li , Xuelong Li

Designing efficient algorithms for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is fundamentally challenging because the size of the joint state and action spaces grows exponentially in the number of agents. These difficulties are exacerbated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Emile Anand , Ishani Karmarkar , Guannan Qu

We consider the networked multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) problem in a fully decentralized setting, where agents learn to coordinate to achieve the joint success. This problem is widely encountered in many areas including traffic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Chao Qu , Shie Mannor , Huan Xu , Yuan Qi , Le Song , Junwu Xiong

Non-stationarity is a fundamental challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), where agents update their behaviour as they learn. Many theoretical advances in MARL avoid the challenge of non-stationarity by coordinating the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Bora Yongacoglu , Gürdal Arslan , Serdar Yüksel

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) studies crucial principles that are applicable to a variety of fields, including wireless networking and autonomous driving. We propose a photonic-based decision-making algorithm to address one of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Shun Kotoku , Takatomo Mihana , André Röhm , Ryoichi Horisaki

Significant advances have recently been achieved in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) which tackles sequential decision-making problems involving multiple participants. However, MARL requires a tremendous number of samples for…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Xihuai Wang , Zhicheng Zhang , Weinan Zhang

This paper presents a novel approach to Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) that combines cooperative task decomposition with the learning of reward machines (RMs) encoding the structure of the sub-tasks. The proposed method helps…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Leo Ardon , Daniel Furelos-Blanco , Alessandra Russo

[Zhang, ICML 2018] provided the first decentralized actor-critic algorithm for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) that offers convergence guarantees. In that work, policies are stochastic and are defined on finite action spaces. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Antoine Grosnit , Desmond Cai , Laura Wynter

Decentralized multi-agent control has broad applications, ranging from multi-robot cooperation to distributed sensor networks. In decentralized multi-agent control, systems are complex with unknown or highly uncertain dynamics, where…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-22 Qingrui Zhang , Hao Dong , Wei Pan

Action and observation delays exist prevalently in the real-world cyber-physical systems which may pose challenges in reinforcement learning design. It is particularly an arduous task when handling multi-agent systems where the delay of one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Baiming Chen , Mengdi Xu , Zuxin Liu , Liang Li , Ding Zhao

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a crucial method for training or fine-tuning large language models (LLMs), enabling adaptive, task-specific optimizations through interactive feedback. Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Junwei Su , Chuan Wu

The domain of safe multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), despite its potential applications in areas ranging from drone delivery and vehicle automation to the development of zero-energy communities, remains relatively unexplored. The…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Raheeb Hassan , K. M. Shadman Wadith , Md. Mamun or Rashid , Md. Mosaddek Khan

Coordination is one of the essential problems in multi-agent systems. Typically multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods treat agents equally and the goal is to solve the Markov game to an arbitrary Nash equilibrium (NE) when…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Haifeng Zhang , Weizhe Chen , Zeren Huang , Minne Li , Yaodong Yang , Weinan Zhang , Jun Wang

Although multi-agent reinforcement learning can tackle systems of strategically interacting entities, it currently fails in scalability and lacks rigorous convergence guarantees. Crucially, learning in multi-agent systems can become…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2018-03-15 David Mguni , Joel Jennings , Enrique Munoz de Cote

In this thesis, I propose a family of fully decentralized deep multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms to achieve high, real-time performance in network-level traffic signal control. In this approach, each intersection is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Jin Guo

This paper presents a theoretical framework for probably approximately correct (PAC) multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms for Markov games. The paper offers an extension to the well-known Nash Q-learning algorithm, using the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Ashkan Zehfroosh , Herbert G. Tanner

Decentralized cooperative multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MARL) can be a versatile learning framework, particularly in scenarios where centralized training is either not possible or not practical. One of the critical challenges in…

In multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), self-interested agents attempt to establish equilibrium and achieve coordination depending on game structure. However, existing MARL approaches are mostly bound by the simultaneous actions of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Bin Zhang , Lijuan Li , Zhiwei Xu , Dapeng Li , Guoliang Fan

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has become effective in tackling discrete cooperative game scenarios. However, MARL has yet to penetrate settings beyond those modelled by team and zero-sum games, confining it to a small subset of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-06-16 David Mguni , Yutong Wu , Yali Du , Yaodong Yang , Ziyi Wang , Minne Li , Ying Wen , Joel Jennings , Jun Wang