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Taking a quotient roughly means changing the notion of equality on a given object, set or type. In a quantitative setting, equality naturally generalises to a distance, measuring how much elements are similar instead of just stating their…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-17 Francesco Dagnino , Fabio Pasquali

In this paper we show several similarities among logic systems that deal simultaneously with deductive and quantitative inference. We claim it is appropriate to call the tasks those systems perform as Quantitative Logic Reasoning. Analogous…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Marcelo Finger

In order to reason about effects, we can define quantitative formulas to describe behavioural aspects of effectful programs. These formulas can for example express probabilities that (or sets of correct starting states for which) a program…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Niels Voorneveld

Lawvere showed that generalised metric spaces are categories enriched over $[0, \infty]$, the quantale of the positive extended reals. The statement of enrichment is a quantitative analogue of being a preorder. Towards seeking a logic for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Giorgio Bacci , Radu Mardare , Prakash Panangaden , Gordon Plotkin

We consider categorical logic on the category of Hilbert spaces. More generally, in fact, any pre-Hilbert category suffices. We characterise closed subobjects, and prove that they form orthomodular lattices. This shows that quantum logic is…

Logic · Mathematics 2010-08-05 Chris Heunen

This paper presents a substructural logic of sequents with very restricted exchange and weakening rules. It is sound with respect to sequences of measurements of a quantic system. A sound and complete semantics is provided. The semantic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Daniel Lehmann

A term calculus for the proofs in multiplicative-additive linear logic is introduced and motivated as a programming language for channel based concurrency. The term calculus is proved complete for a semantics in linearly distributive…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2010-03-03 J. R. B. Cockett , C. A. Pastro

Quotients and comprehension are fundamental mathematical constructions that can be described via adjunctions in categorical logic. This paper reveals that quotients and comprehension are related to measurement, not only in quantum logic,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-11-06 Kenta Cho , Bart Jacobs , Bas Westerbaan , Bram Westerbaan

We prove the equivalence of two seemingly very different ways of generalising Rademacher's theorem to metric measure spaces. One such generalisation is based upon the notion of forming partial derivatives along a very rich structure of…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-12-02 David Bate

Substructural logics are formal logical systems that omit familiar structural rules of classical and intuitionistic logic such as contraction, weakening, exchange (commutativity), and associativity. This leads to a resource-sensitive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Nikolaos Galatos , Vitor Greati , Revantha Ramanayake , Gavin St. John

We present a first-order logic equipped with an "asymmetric" directed notion of equality, which can be thought of as rewrites between terms, allowing for types to be interpreted as preorders. The logic is equipped with a precise syntactic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Andrea Laretto , Fosco Loregian , Niccolò Veltri

Real-valued logics have seen a renewed interest in verification for probabilistic and quantitative systems, in particular machine learning models, where they can be used to directly integrate specifications in the training objective. To do…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Matteo Capucci , Robert Atkey , Charles Grellois , Ekaterina Komendantskaya

It is shown that quantum logic is a logic in the very same way in which classical logic is a logic. Soundness and completeness of both quantum and classical logics have been proved for novel lattice models that are not orthomodular and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-16 Mladen Pavicic , Norman D. Megill

We investigate cut-elimination and cut-simulation in impredicative (higher-order) logics. We illustrate that adding simple axioms such as Leibniz equations to a calculus for an impredicative logic -- in our case a sequent calculus for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Christoph Benzmueller , Chad E. Brown , Michael Kohlhase

This paper introduces conceptual relations that synthesize utilitarian and logical concepts, extending the logics of preference of Rescher. We define first, in the context of a possible worlds model, constraint-dependent measures that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-26 Enrique H. Ruspini

Behavioural metrics provide a quantitative refinement of classical two-valued behavioural equivalences on systems with quantitative data, such as metric or probabilistic transition systems. In analogy to the linear-time/branching-time…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Jonas Forster , Lutz Schröder , Paul Wild , Harsh Beohar , Sebastian Gurke , Barbara König , Karla Messing

The reasoning with qualitative uncertainty measures involves comparative statements about events in terms of their likeliness without necessarily assigning an exact numerical value to these events. The paper is divided into two parts. In…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-03-18 Marta Bilkova , Sabine Frittella , Daniil Kozhemiachenko , Ondrej Majer

Differentiable Logics are deployed in neuro-symbolic learning tasks as a way of embedding logical constraints in the training objective of neural networks. A differentiable logic consists of a syntax to write logical properties and a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Thomas Flinkow , Ekaterina Komendantskaya , Matteo Capucci , Rosemary Monahan

The recently introduced framework of Graded Quantitative Rewriting is an innovative extension of traditional rewriting systems, in which rules are annotated with degrees drawn from a quantale. This framework provides a robust foundation for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Mauricio Ayala-Rincón , Thaynara Arielly de Lima , Georg Ehling , Temur Kutsia

Categorical Universal Logic is a theory of monad-relativised hyperdoctrines (or fibred universal algebras), which in particular encompasses categorical forms of both first-order and higher-order quantum logics as well as classical,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-31 Yoshihiro Maruyama
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