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The study of astrophysical phenomena like black hole shadows is an effective approach to properly understand the modified gravity and explore its validity. Motivated by recent astrophysical observations, we consider a black hole (BH) in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-20 Khadije Jafarzade , Zeynab Bazyar , Mubasher Jamil

Recently the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration, with very-long baseline interferometric observations, resolved structure at the scale of $\sim5$ Schwarzschild radii about the center of M87$^*$, the supermassive black hole resident at…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-24 Zack Carson , Kent Yagi

The scarcity of quantum gravity (QG) inspired rotating black holes limits the progress of testing QG through Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations. The EHT imaged the supermassive black holes, Sgr A* and M87*, revealing an angular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-30 Heena Ali , Shafqat Ul Islam , Sushant G. Ghosh

By considering the steady-state Novikov-Thorne model, we study thin accretion disk processes for rotating hairy black holes in the framework of the Horndeski gravity. We obtain the electromagnetic properties of accretion disk around such…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-17 Mohaddese Heydari-Fard , Malihe Heydari-Fard , Nematollah Riazi

Our understanding of strong gravity near supermassive compact objects has recently improved thanks to the measurements made by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). We use here the M87* shadow size to infer constraints on the physical charges…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-02 Prashant Kocherlakota , Luciano Rezzolla , Heino Falcke , Christian M. Fromm , Michael Kramer , Yosuke Mizuno , Antonios Nathanail , Hector Olivares , Ziri Younsi , Kazunori Akiyama , Antxon Alberdi , Walter Alef , Juan Carlos Algaba , Richard Anantua , Keiichi Asada , Rebecca Azulay , Anne-Kathrin Baczko , David Ball , Mislav Balokovic , John Barrett , Bradford A. Benson , Dan Bintley , Lindy Blackburn , Raymond Blundell , Wilfred Boland , Katherine L. Bouman , Geoffrey C. Bower , Hope Boyce , Michael Bremer , Christiaan D. Brinkerink , Roger Brissenden , Silke Britzen , Avery E. Broderick , Dominique Broguiere , Thomas Bronzwaer , Do-Young Byun , John E. Carlstrom , Andrew Chael , Chi-kwan Chan , Shami Chatterjee , Koushik Chatterjee , Ming-Tang Chen , Yongjun Chen , Paul M. Chesler , Ilje Cho , Pierre Christian , John E. Conway , James M. Cordes , Thomas M. Crawford , Geoffrey B. Crew , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Yuzhu Cui , Jordy Davelaar , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Roger Deane , Jessica Dempsey , Gregory Desvignes , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Ralph P. Eatough , Joseph Farah , Vincent L. Fish , Ed Fomalont , Raquel Fraga-Encinas , Per Friberg , H. Alyson Ford , Antonio Fuentes , Peter Galison , Charles F. Gammie , Roberto Garcia , Olivier Gentaz , Boris Georgiev , Ciriaco Goddi , Roman Gold , Jose L. Gomez , Arturo I. Gomez-Ruiz , Minfeng Gu , Mark Gurwell , Kazuhiro Hada , Daryl Haggard , Michael H. Hecht , Ronald Hesper , Luis C. Ho , Paul Ho , Mareki Honma , Chih-Wei L. Huang , Lei Huang , David H. Hughes , Shiro Ikeda , Makoto Inoue , Sara Issaoun , David J. James , Buell T. Jannuzi , Michael Janssen , Britton Jeter , Wu Jiang , Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales , Michael D. Johnson , Svetlana Jorstad , Taehyun Jung , Mansour Karami , Ramesh Karuppusamy , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Mark Kettenis , Dong-Jin Kim , Jae-Young Kim , Jongsoo Kim , Junhan Kim , Motoki Kino , Jun Yi Koay , Yutaro Kofuji , Patrick M. Koch , Shoko Koyama , Carsten Kramer , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Tod R. Lauer , Sang-Sung Lee , Aviad Levis , Yan-Rong Li , Zhiyuan Li , Michael Lindqvist , Rocco Lico , Greg Lindahl , Jun Liu , Kuo Liu , Elisabetta Liuzzo , Wen-Ping Lo , Andrei P. Lobanov , Laurent Loinard , Colin Lonsdale , Ru-Sen Lu , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Jirong Mao , Nicola Marchili , Sera Markoff , Daniel P. Marrone , Alan P. Marscher , Ivan Marti-Vidal , Satoki Matsushita , Lynn D. Matthews , Lia Medeiros , Karl M. Menten , Izumi Mizuno , James M. Moran , Kotaro Moriyama , Monika Moscibrodzka , Cornelia Muller , Gibwa Musoke , Alejandro Mus Mejias , Hiroshi Nagai , Neil M. Nagar , Masanori Nakamura , Ramesh Narayan , Gopal Narayanan , Iniyan Natarajan , Joseph Neilsen , Roberto Neri , Chunchong Ni , Aristeidis Noutsos , Michael A. Nowak , Hiroki Okino , Gisela N. Ortiz-Leon , Tomoaki Oyama , Feryal Ozel , Daniel C. M. Palumbo , Jongho Park , Nimesh Patel , Ue-Li Pen , Dominic W. Pesce , Vincent Pietu , Richard Plambeck , Aleksandar PopStefanija , Oliver Porth , Felix M. Potzl , Ben Prather , Jorge A. Preciado-Lopez , Dimitrios Psaltis , Hung-Yi Pu , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Ramprasad Rao , Mark G. Rawlings , Alexander W. Raymond , Angelo Ricarte , Bart Ripperda , Freek Roelofs , Alan Rogers , Eduardo Ros , Mel Rose , Arash Roshanineshat , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Chet Ruszczyk , Kazi L. J. Rygl , Salvador Sanchez , David Sanchez-Arguelles , Mahito Sasada , Tuomas Savolainen , F. Peter Schloerb , Karl-Friedrich Schuster , Lijing Shao , Zhiqiang Shen , Des Small , Bong Won Sohn , Jason SooHoo , He Sun , Fumie Tazaki , Alexandra J. Tetarenko , Paul Tiede , Remo P. J. Tilanus , Michael Titus , Kenji Toma , Pablo Torne , Tyler Trent , Efthalia Traianou , Sascha Trippe , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib Jan van Langevelde , Daniel R. van Rossum , Jan Wagner , Derek Ward-Thompson , John Wardle , Jonathan Weintroub , Norbert Wex , Robert Wharton , Maciek Wielgus , George N. Wong , Qingwen Wu , Doosoo Yoon , Andre Young , Ken Young , Feng Yuan , Ye-Fei Yuan , J. Anton Zensus , Guang-Yao Zhao , Shan-Shan Zhao , The EHT Collaboration

The recent time witnessed a surge of interest in strong gravitational lensing by black holes is due to the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) results, which suggest comparing the black hole lensing in both general relativity and heterotic string…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-25 Sushant G. Ghosh , Rahul Kumar , Shafqat Ul Islam

The observation of the shadow of the supermassive black hole M87$^{*}$ by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is sensitive to the spacetime geometry near the circular photon orbit and beyond, and it thus has the potential to test general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-19 Guillermo Lara , Sebastian H. Völkel , Enrico Barausse

Astrophysical black holes are expected to be described by the Kerr metric. This is the only stationary, vacuum, axisymmetric metric, without electromagnetic charge, that satisfies Einstein's equations and does not have pathologies outside…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-17 The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

Hypothetical ultralight bosonic fields will spontaneously form macroscopic bosonic halos around Kerr black holes, via superradiance, transferring part of the mass and angular momentum of the black hole into the halo. Such process, however,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-08 Pedro V. P. Cunha , Carlos A. R. Herdeiro , Eugen Radu

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has recently delivered the first resolved images of M87*, the supermassive black hole in the center of the M87 galaxy. These images were produced using 230 GHz observations performed in 2017 April.…

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration's image of the compact object at the galactic center is the first direct evidence of the supermassive black hole (BH) Sgr A$^*$. The shadow of Sgr A$^*$ has an angular diameter $d_{sh}= 48.7…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-24 Misba Afrin , Sunny Vagnozzi , Sushant G. Ghosh

In this paper, we find that unlike in General Relativity, the shift-symmetric subclass of Beyond Horndeski theories permits black holes with primary hair that are thermodynamically stable and align with current Event Horizon Telescope…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-09 Cristian Erices , Mohsen Fathi

Adopting the manifest of low-frequency and low mass for the scalar perturbation, we perform a semi-classical analysis of the superradiance phenomenon for a rotating hairy Horndeski black hole (BH). For the spacetime under study enriched by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-01 Sohan Kumar Jha , Mohsen Khodadi , Anisur Rahaman , Ahmad Sheykhi

Research on the observational appearance of black holes, both in general relativity and modified gravity, has been in full swing since the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration announced photos of M87$^{*}$ and Sagittarius A$^{*}$.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-15 Shiyang Hu , Dan Li , Chen Deng , Xin Wu , Enwei Liang

We study the gravitational lensing effects of a static, asymptotically flat black hole with primary scalar hair in Beyond Horndeski gravity, focusing on the strong lensing regime. Recently, in Ref. [1], we placed constraints on the scalar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-09 Mohsen Fathi

Horizon-scale images of black holes (BHs) and their shadows have opened an unprecedented window onto tests of gravity and fundamental physics in the strong-field regime. We consider a wide range of well-motivated deviations from classical…

The Event Horizon Telescope has produced resolved images of the supermassive black holes Sgr A* and M87*, which present the largest shadows on the sky. In the next decade, technological improvements and extensions to the array will enable…

We investigate the origin of the elliptical ring structure observed in the images of the supermassive black hole M87*, aiming to disentangle contributions from gravitational, astrophysical, and imaging effects. Leveraging the enhanced…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-16 Rohan Dahale , Ilje Cho , Kotaro Moriyama , Kaj Wiik , Paul Tiede , José L. Gómez , Chi-kwan Chan , Roman Gold , Vadim Y. Bernshteyn , Marianna Foschi , Britton Jeter , Hung-Yi Pu , Boris Georgiev , Abhishek V. Joshi , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Iniyan Natarajan , Avery E. Broderick , León D. S. Salas , Koushik Chatterjee , Kazunori Akiyama , Ezequiel Albentosa-Ruíz , Antxon Alberdi , Walter Alef , Juan Carlos Algaba , Richard Anantua , Keiichi Asada , Rebecca Azulay , Uwe Bach , Anne-Kathrin Baczko , David Ball , Mislav Baloković , Bidisha Bandyopadhyay , John Barrett , Michi Bauböck , Bradford A. Benson , Dan Bintley , Lindy Blackburn , Raymond Blundell , Katherine L. Bouman , Geoffrey C. Bower , Michael Bremer , Roger Brissenden , Silke Britzen , Dominique Broguiere , Thomas Bronzwaer , Sandra Bustamante , Douglas Ferreira Carlos , John E. Carlstrom , Andrew Chael , Dominic O. Chang , Shami Chatterjee , Ming-Tang Chen , Yongjun Chen , Xiaopeng Cheng , Pierre Christian , Nicholas S. Conroy , John E. Conway , Thomas M. Crawford , Geoffrey B. Crew , Yuzhu Cui , Brandon Curd , Jordy Davelaar , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Roger Deane , Jessica Dempsey , Gregory Desvignes , Jason Dexter , Vedant Dhruv , Indu K. Dihingia , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Sergio A. Dzib , Ralph P. Eatough , Razieh Emami , Heino Falcke , Joseph Farah , Vincent L. Fish , Edward Fomalont , H. Alyson Ford , Raquel Fraga-Encinas , William T. Freeman , Per Friberg , Christian M. Fromm , Antonio Fuentes , Peter Galison , Charles F. Gammie , Roberto García , Olivier Gentaz , Gertie Geertsema , Ciriaco Goddi , Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz , Minfeng Gu , Mark Gurwell , Kazuhiro Hada , Daryl Haggard , Ronald Hesper , Dirk Heumann , Luis C. Ho , Paul Ho , Mareki Honma , Chih-Wei L. Huang , Lei Huang , David H. Hughes , Shiro Ikeda , C. M. Violette Impellizzeri , Makoto Inoue , Sara Issaoun , David J. James , Buell T. Jannuzi , Michael Janssen , Wu Jiang , Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales , Michael D. Johnson , Svetlana Jorstad , Adam C. Jones , Taehyun Jung , Ramesh Karuppusamy , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Mark Kettenis , Dong-Jin Kim , Jae-Young Kim , Jongsoo Kim , Junhan Kim , Motoki Kino , Jun Yi Koay , Prashant Kocherlakota , Yutaro Kofuji , Patrick M. Koch , Shoko Koyama , Carsten Kramer , Joana A. Kramer , Michael Kramer , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Noemi La Bella , Sang-Sung Lee , Aviad Levis , Zhiyuan Li , Rocco Lico , Greg Lindahl , Michael Lindqvist , Mikhail Lisakov , Jun Liu , Kuo Liu , Elisabetta Liuzzo , Wen-Ping Lo , Andrei P. Lobanov , Laurent Loinard , Colin J. Lonsdale , Amy E. Lowitz , Ru-Sen Lu , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Jirong Mao , Nicola Marchili , Sera Markoff , Daniel P. Marrone , Alan P. Marscher , Iván Martí-Vidal , Satoki Matsushita , Lynn D. Matthews , Lia Medeiros , Karl M. Menten , Izumi Mizuno , Yosuke Mizuno , Joshua Montgomery , James M. Moran , Monika Moscibrodzka , Wanga Mulaudzi , Cornelia Müller , Hendrik Müller , Alejandro Mus , Gibwa Musoke , Ioannis Myserlis , Hiroshi Nagai , Neil M. Nagar , Dhanya G. Nair , Masanori Nakamura , Gopal Narayanan , Antonios Nathanail , Santiago Navarro Fuentes , Joey Neilsen , Chunchong Ni , Michael A. Nowak , Junghwan Oh , Hiroki Okino , Héctor Raúl Olivares Sánchez , Tomoaki Oyama , Feryal Özel , Daniel C. M. Palumbo , Georgios Filippos Paraschos , Jongho Park , Harriet Parsons , Nimesh Patel , Ue-Li Pen , Dominic W. Pesce , Vincent Piétu , Aleksandar PopStefanija , Oliver Porth , Ben Prather , Giacomo Principe , Dimitrios Psaltis , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Ramprasad Rao , Mark G. Rawlings , Luciano Rezzolla , Angelo Ricarte , Bart Ripperda , Jan Röder , Freek Roelofs , Cristina Romero-Cañizales , Eduardo Ros , Arash Roshanineshat , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Ignacio Ruiz , Chet Ruszczyk , Kazi L. J. Rygl , Salvador Sánchez , David Sánchez-Argüelles , Miguel Sánchez-Portal , Mahito Sasada , Kaushik Satapathy , Saurabh , Tuomas Savolainen , F. Peter Schloerb , Jonathan Schonfeld , Karl-Friedrich Schuster , Lijing Shao , Zhiqiang Shen , Sasikumar Silpa , Des Small , Bong Won Sohn , Jason SooHoo , Kamal Souccar , Joshua S. Stanway , He Sun , Fumie Tazaki , Alexandra J. Tetarenko , Remo P. J. Tilanus , Michael Titus , Kenji Toma , Pablo Torne , Teresa Toscano , Efthalia Traianou , Tyler Trent , Sascha Trippe , Matthew Turk , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib Jan van Langevelde , Daniel R. van Rossum , Jesse Vos , Jan Wagner , Derek Ward-Thompson , John Wardle , Jasmin E. Washington , Jonathan Weintroub , Robert Wharton , Maciek Wielgus , Gunther Witzel , Michael F. Wondrak , George N. Wong , Qingwen Wu , Nitika Yadlapalli , Paul Yamaguchi , Aristomenis Yfantis , Doosoo Yoon , André Young , Ziri Younsi , Wei Yu , Feng Yuan , Ye-Fei Yuan , Ai-Ling Zeng , J. Anton Zensus , Shuo Zhang , Guang-Yao Zhao , Shan-Shan Zhao

The detection of black hole scalar hair, a possible deviation from general relativity's "no-hair" theorem, requires sensitive probes beyond conventional methods. This study proposes chaotic dynamics as a novel indicator for scalar hair in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-09 Yang Yu , Ruo-Ting Chen , Shulan Li , Dan Zhang , Jian-Pin Wu

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has mapped the central compact radio source of the elliptical galaxy M87 at 1.3 mm with unprecedented angular resolution. Here we consider the physical implications of the asymmetric ring seen in the 2017…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-08 The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration