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The packing chromatic number $\chi_{\rho}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ such that there exists a $k$-vertex coloring of $G$ in which any two vertices receiving color $i$ are at distance at least $i+1$. It is proved that in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-22 Boštjan Brešar , Sandi Klavžar , Douglas F. Rall , Kirsti Wash

A $k$-limited packing partition ($k$LP partition) of a graph $G$ is a partition of $V(G)$ into $k$-limited packing sets. We consider the $k$LP partitions with minimum cardinality (with emphasis on $k=2$). The minimum cardinality is called…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-07 Azam Sadat Ahmadi , Nasrin Soltankhah , Babak Samadi

A fall $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper $k$-coloring of $G$ such that each vertex of $G$ sees all $k$ colors on its closed neighborhood. We denote ${\rm Fall}(G)$ the set of all positive integers $k$ for which $G$ has a fall…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-16 Saeed Shaebani

A $b$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper coloring of its vertices such that each color class contains a vertex that has at least one neighbor in all the other color classes. The b-Coloring problem asks whether a graph $G$ has a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Lars Jaffke , Paloma T. Lima

Let $k$ be an integer. Two vertex $k$-colorings of a graph are \emph{adjacent} if they differ on exactly one vertex. A graph is \emph{$k$-mixing} if any proper $k$-coloring can be transformed into any other through a sequence of adjacent…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-03-26 Marthe Bonamy , Nicolas Bousquet

Let G be a graph with a list assignment L. Suppose a preferred color is given for some of the vertices; how many of these preferences can be respected when L-coloring G? We explore several natural questions arising in this context, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-20 Zdeněk Dvořák , Sergey Norin , Luke Postle

The curling number of a graph G is defined as the number of times an element in the degree sequence of G appears the maximum. Graph colouring is an assignment of colours, labels or weights to the vertices or edges of a graph. A colouring…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2018-04-06 C. Susanth , N. K. Sudev , S. J. Kalayathankal

A well-studied concept is that of the total chromatic number. A proper total colouring of a graph is a colouring of both vertices and edges so that every pair of adjacent vertices receive different colours, every pair of adjacent edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-14 Tom Coker , Karen Johannson

Given a graph $G$ and a mapping $f:V(G) \to \mathbb{N}$, an $f$-list assignment of $G$ is a function that maps each $v \in V(G)$ to a set of at least $f(v)$ colors. For an $f$-list assignment $L$ of a graph $G$, a proper conflict-free…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-05 Masaki Kashima , Riste Škrekovski , Rongxing Xu

A graph $G$ is said to be $k$-distinguishable if the vertex set can be colored using $k$ colors such that no non-trivial automorphism fixes every color class, and the distinguishing number $D(G)$ is the least integer $k$ for which $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-12 Niranjan Balachandran , Sajith Padinhatteeri

A packing $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a partition of $V(G)$ into $k$ disjoint non-empty classes $V_1, \dots, V_k$, such that if $u,v \in V_i$, $i\in [k]$, $u\ne v$, then the distance between $u$ and $v$ is greater than $i$. The packing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-12 Zahra Hamed-Labbafian , Mostafa Tavakoli , Mojgan Afkhami , Sandi Klavžar

A graph where each vertex $v$ has a list $L(v)$ of available colors is $L$-colorable if there is a proper coloring such that the color of $v$ is in $L(v)$ for each $v$. A graph is $k$-choosable if every assignment $L$ of at least $k$ colors…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Ilkyoo Choi , Felix Christian Clemen , Michael Ferrara , Paul Horn , Fuhong Ma , Tomáš Masařík

The defective chromatic number of a graph class $\mathcal{G}$ is the minimum integer $k$ such that for some integer $d$, every graph in $\mathcal{G}$ is $k$-colourable such that each monochromatic component has maximum degree at most $d$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-17 Marcin Briański , Robert Hickingbotham , David R. Wood

Coloring a graph $G$ consists in finding an assignment of colors $c: V(G)\to\{1,\ldots,p\}$ such that any pair of adjacent vertices receives different colors. The minimum integer $p$ such that a coloring exists is called the chromatic…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-12-25 Théo Pierron

In the Selective Coloring problem, we are given an integer $k$, a graph $G$, and a partition of $V(G)$ into $p$ parts, and the goal is to decide whether or not we can pick exactly one vertex of each part and obtain a $k$-colorable induced…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Guilherme C. M. Gomes , Vinicius F. dos Santos

Assume $L$ is a $k$-assignment of a graph $G$. An $L$-packing $\phi$ of $G$ is a sequence $\phi=(\phi_1, \ldots, \phi_k)$ of $k$-mappings such that each $\phi_i$ is an $L$-coloring of $G$, and for each vertex $v$ of $G$, $\{\phi_1(v),…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Masaki Kashima , Shun-ichi Maezawa , Xuding Zhu

For $1\leq s_1 \le s_2 \le \ldots \le s_k$ and a graph $G$, a packing $(s_1, s_2, \ldots, s_k)$-coloring of $G$ is a partition of $V(G)$ into sets $V_1, V_2, \ldots, V_k$ such that, for each $1\leq i \leq k$, the distance between any two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-26 Alexandr Kostochka , Xujun Liu

The maximum $k$-colorable subgraph (M$k$CS) problem is to find an induced $k$-colorable subgraph with maximum cardinality in a given graph. This paper is an in-depth analysis of the M$k$CS problem that considers various semidefinite…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-12 Renata Sotirov , Olga Kuryatnikova , Juan Vera

Coloring is one of the most famous problems in graph theory. The coloring problem on undirected graphs has been well studied, whereas there are very few results for coloring problems on directed graphs. An oriented k-coloring of an oriented…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Frank Gurski , Dominique Komander , Carolin Rehs

Proportional choosability is a list coloring analogue of equitable coloring. Specifically, a $k$-assignment $L$ for a graph $G$ specifies a list $L(v)$ of $k$ available colors to each $v \in V(G)$. An $L$-coloring assigns a color to each…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-04 Jeffrey A. Mudrock , Robert Piechota , Paul Shin , Tim Wagstrom