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Reading comprehension, a fundamental cognitive ability essential for knowledge acquisition, is a complex skill, with a notable number of learners lacking proficiency in this domain. This study introduces innovative tasks for Brain-Computer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Yuhong Zhang , Shilai Yang , Gert Cauwenberghs , Tzyy-Ping Jung

Text embeddings are useful features in many applications such as semantic search and computing text similarity. Previous work typically trains models customized for different use cases, varying in dataset choice, training objective and…

Entity Resolution (ER) is a fundamental data quality improvement task that identifies and links records referring to the same real-world entity. Traditional ER approaches often rely on pairwise comparisons, which can be costly in terms of…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Jiajie Fu , Haitong Tang , Arijit Khan , Sharad Mehrotra , Xiangyu Ke , Yunjun Gao

Neural language models learn word representations, or embeddings, that capture rich linguistic and conceptual information. Here we investigate the embeddings learned by neural machine translation models, a recently-developed class of neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-04-06 Felix Hill , Kyunghyun Cho , Sebastien Jean , Coline Devin , Yoshua Bengio

In this work, we reimagine classical probing to evaluate knowledge transfer from simple source to more complex target tasks. Instead of probing frozen representations from a complex source task on diverse simple target probing tasks (as…

Word embeddings are reliable feature representations of words used to obtain high quality results for various NLP applications. Uncontextualized word embeddings are used in many NLP tasks today, especially in resource-limited settings where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Kian Kenyon-Dean , Edward Newell , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung

Most state-of-the-art models in natural language processing (NLP) are neural models built on top of large, pre-trained, contextual language models that generate representations of words in context and are fine-tuned for the task at hand.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Brian Lester , Daniel Pressel , Amy Hemmeter , Sagnik Ray Choudhury , Srinivas Bangalore

Word embeddings are a powerful approach for analyzing language and have been widely popular in numerous tasks in information retrieval and text mining. Training embeddings over huge corpora is computationally expensive because the input is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Avishek Anand , Megha Khosla , Jaspreet Singh , Jan-Hendrik Zab , Zijian Zhang

Embedding from Language Models (ELMo) has shown to be effective for improving many natural language processing (NLP) tasks, and ELMo takes character information to compose word representation to train language models.However, the character…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Jiangtong Li , Hai Zhao , Zuchao Li , Wei Bi , Xiaojiang Liu

The focus of past machine learning research for Reading Comprehension tasks has been primarily on the design of novel deep learning architectures. Here we show that seemingly minor choices made on (1) the use of pre-trained word embeddings,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-06 Bhuwan Dhingra , Hanxiao Liu , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , William W. Cohen

Recent advancements in event-based recognition have demonstrated significant promise, yet most existing approaches rely on extensive training, limiting their adaptability for efficient processing of event-driven visual content. Meanwhile,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Zongyou Yu , Qiang Qu , Qian Zhang , Nan Zhang , Xiaoming Chen

Ensembling word embeddings to improve distributed word representations has shown good success for natural language processing tasks in recent years. These approaches either carry out straightforward mathematical operations over a set of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-14 James O' Neill , Danushka Bollegala

In the last few years, neural networks have been intensively used to develop meaningful distributed representations of words and contexts around them. When these representations, also known as "embeddings", are learned from unsupervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Giuseppe Marra , Andrea Zugarini , Stefano Melacci , Marco Maggini

Most unsupervised NLP models represent each word with a single point or single region in semantic space, while the existing multi-sense word embeddings cannot represent longer word sequences like phrases or sentences. We propose a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Haw-Shiuan Chang , Amol Agrawal , Andrew McCallum

Word embeddings have advanced the state of the art in NLP across numerous tasks. Understanding the contents of dense neural representations is of utmost interest to the computational semantics community. We propose to focus on relating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Timothee Mickus , Kees van Deemter , Mathieu Constant , Denis Paperno

Word embeddings have gained significant attention as learnable representations of semantic relations between words, and have been shown to improve upon the results of traditional word representations. However, little effort has been devoted…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Gloria Feher , Andreas Spitz , Michael Gertz

Word vector representations are central to deep learning natural language processing models. Many forms of these vectors, known as embeddings, exist, including word2vec and GloVe. Embeddings are trained on large corpora and learn the word's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Salvador E. Barbosa

Embedding words in a vector space has gained a lot of attention in recent years. While state-of-the-art methods provide efficient computation of word similarities via a low-dimensional matrix embedding, their motivation is often left…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Shihao Ji , Hyokun Yun , Pinar Yanardag , Shin Matsushima , S. V. N. Vishwanathan

Conventional word embeddings represent words with fixed vectors, which are usually trained based on co-occurrence patterns among words. In doing so, however, the power of such representations is limited, where the same word might be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Hongming Zhang , Jiaxin Bai , Yan Song , Kun Xu , Changlong Yu , Yangqiu Song , Wilfred Ng , Dong Yu

In deep learning, embeddings are widely used to represent categorical entities such as words, apps, and movies. An embedding layer maps each entity to a unique vector, causing the layer's memory requirement to be proportional to the number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Niketan Pansare , Jay Katukuri , Aditya Arora , Frank Cipollone , Riyaaz Shaik , Noyan Tokgozoglu , Chandru Venkataraman