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Commutativity gadgets provide a technique for lifting classical reductions between constraint satisfaction problems to quantum-sound reductions between the corresponding nonlocal games. We develop a general framework for commutativity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Eric Culf , Josse van Dobben de Bruyn , Peter Zeman

In 2020, a landmark result by Ji, Natarajan, Vidick, Wright, and Yuen showed that MIP*, the class of languages that can be decided by a classical verifier interacting with multiple computationally unbounded provers sharing entanglement in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Junqiao Lin

Impartial subtraction games on the nonnegative integers have been studied by many and discussed in detail in for example the remarkable work Winning Ways by Conway, Berlekamp and Guy. We describe how comply variations of these games,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-09-11 Urban Larsson

Compiled nonlocal games transfer the power of Bell-type multi-prover tests into a single-device setting by replacing spatial separation with cryptography. Concretely, the KLVY compiler (STOC'23) maps any multi-prover game to an interactive…

We propose a unifying additive theory for standard conventions in Combinatorial Game Theory, including normal-, mis\`ere- and scoring-play, studied by Berlekamp, Conway, Dorbec, Ettinger, Guy, Larsson, Milley, Neto, Nowakowski, Renault,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-07 Urban Larsson , Richard J. Nowakowski , Carlos P. Santos

We introduce the notion of nonlocal symmetry of a graph $G$, defined as a winning quantum correlation for the $G$-automorphism game that cannot be produced classically. Recent connections between quantum group theory and quantum information…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2021-02-11 David E. Roberson , Simon Schmidt

We introduce a general systematic procedure for solving any binary-input binary-output game using operator algebraic techniques on the representation theory for the underlying group, which we then illustrate on the prominent class of tilted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-17 Alexander Frei , Azin Shahiri

We establish the first hardness results for the problem of computing the value of one-round games played by a verifier and a team of provers who can share quantum entanglement. In particular, we show that it is NP-hard to approximate within…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-11-21 Julia Kempe , Hirotada Kobayashi , Keiji Matsumoto , Ben Toner , Thomas Vidick

In recent work, Watanabe, Eberhart, Asada, and Hasuo have shown that parity games can be seen as string diagrams, that is, as the morphisms of a symmetric monoidal category, an algebraic structure with two different operations of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Robin Piedeleu

Synchronous linear constraint system games are nonlocal games that verify whether or not two players share a solution to a given system of equations. Two algebraic objects associated to these games encode information about the existence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Adina Goldberg

We study the complexity of problems related to subgame-perfect equilibria (SPEs) in infinite duration non zero-sum multiplayer games played on finite graphs with parity objectives. We present new complexity results that close gaps in the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Léonard Brice , Marie van den Bogaard , Jean-François Raskin

Hirschfeldt and Jockusch (2016) introduced a two-player game in which winning strategies for one or the other player precisely correspond to implications and non-implications between $\Pi^1_2$ principles over $\omega$-models of…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-12-02 Damir D. Dzhafarov , Denis R. Hirschfeldt , Sarah C. Reitzes

There are few explicit examples of two player nonlocal games with a large gap between classical and quantum value. One of the reasons is that estimating the classical value is usually a hard computational task. This paper is devoted to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-07 M. Rosicka , S. Szarek , A. Rutkowski , P. Gnaciński , M. Horodecki

We consider one-round games between a classical verifier and two provers who share entanglement. We show that when the constraints enforced by the verifier are `unique' constraints (i.e., permutations), the value of the game can be well…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-03 Julia Kempe , Oded Regev , Ben Toner

We study the classical and quantum values of one- and two-party linear games, an important class of unique games that generalizes the well-known XOR games to the case of non-binary outcomes. We introduce a ``constraint graph" associated to…

We bound separations between the entangled and classical values for several classes of nonlocal $t$-player games. Our motivating question is whether there is a family of $t$-player XOR games for which the entangled bias is $1$ but for which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-28 Tom Bannink , Jop Briët , Harry Buhrman , Farrokh Labib , Troy Lee

We consider two classes of constrained finite state-action stochastic games. First, we consider a two player nonzero sum single controller constrained stochastic game with both average and discounted cost criterion. We consider the same…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-06-11 Vikas Vikram Singh , N. Hemachandra

We show that the value of a general two-prover quantum game cannot be computed by a semi-definite program ofvpolynomial size (unless P=NP), a method that has been successful in more restricted quantum games. More precisely, we show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Julia Kempe , Thomas Vidick

We introduce a class of fully nonlinear mean field games posed in $[0,T]\times\mathbb{R}^d$. We justify that they are related to controlled local or nonlocal diffusions, and more generally in our setting, to a new control interpretation…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-08-30 Indranil Chowdhury , Espen R. Jakobsen , Miłosz Krupski

Correlated equilibria are a fundamental solution concept in game theory. However, despite decades of research, the complexity beyond games of polynomial type -- such as extensive-form games, congestion or routing games, and more broadly…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ioannis Anagnostides , Constantinos Daskalakis , Gabriele Farina , Noah Golowich , Tuomas Sandholm , Brian Hu Zhang
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