Related papers: The Euler Totient Function on Lucas Sequences

A Lucas sequence is a sequence of the general form $v_n = (\phi^n - \bar{\phi}^n)/(\phi-\bar{\phi})$, where $\phi$ and $\bar{\phi}$ are real algebraic integers such that $\phi+\bar{\phi}$ and $\phi\bar{\phi}$ are both rational. Famous…

We make an analytical proof for Lehmer's totient conjecture. Lehmer conjectured that there is no solution for the congruence equation $n-1\equiv 0~(mod~\phi(n))$ with composite integers,$n$, where $\phi(n)$ denotes Euler's totient function.…

In this note, we look at the diophantine equation $$ \prod_{i=1}^ta_i!=\prod_{j=1}^sn_i!, \quad n_1\geq \cdots \geq n_s\geq 2 \quad \textnormal{and}\quad n_1>a_1\geq a_2\geq\cdots \geq a_t\geq2. $$ \noindent Let $s<t$. Under the (explicit)…

In this paper, we consider the equation $(a^n-2^{m})(b^n-2^{m})=x^2$. By assuming the abc conjecture is true, in [8], Luca and Walsh gave a theorem, which implies that the above equation has only finitely many solutions $n,x$ if a and b are…

Assuming the validity of Dickson's conjecture, we show that the set $\mathcal{V}$ of values of the Euler's totient function $\varphi$ contains arbitrarily large arithmetic progressions with common difference 4. This leads to the question of…

Nobody has discovered any perfect cuboid and there is no formula to deliver all possible Euler bricks. During investigations of famous open problems regarding the perfect cuboid and Euler brick; I have found new important conjectures on…

Euler discovered a formula for expressing the value of the Riemann zeta function for all even positive integer arguments. A closed-form expression for the Riemann zeta function for all odd integer arguments, based on the values of the…

For integers $k \geq 2$ and $n \neq 0$, let $v_k(n)$ denotes the greatest nonnegative integer $e$ such that $k^e$ divides $n$. Moreover, let $u_n$ be a nondegenerate Lucas sequence satisfying $u_0 = 0$, $u_1 = 1$, and $u_{n + 2} = a u_{n +…

In this article we give a result obtained of an experimental way for the Euler totient function.

Let G be a finite group with exactly k elements of largest possible order m. Let q(m) be the product of gcd(m,4) and the odd prime divisors of m. We show that |G|\le q(m)k^2/\phi(m) where \phi denotes Euler's totient function. This…

We will be presenting two theorems in this paper. The first theorem, which is a new result, is about the non-existence of integer solutions of the cubic diophantine equation. In the proof of this theorem we have used some known results from…

We derive several identities for arbitrary homogeneous second order recurrence sequences with constant coefficients. The results are then applied to present a unified study of six well known integer sequences, namely the Fibonacci sequence,…

In this paper we study classification of homogeneous solutions to the stationary Euler equation with locally finite energy. Written in the form $u = \nabla^\perp \Psi$, $\Psi(r,\theta) = r^{\lambda} \psi(\theta)$, for $\lambda >0$, we show…

In this paper we determine possible decompositions of Euler polynomials $E_k(x)$, i.e. possible ways of writing Euler polynomials as a functional composition of polynomials of lower degree. Using this result together with the well-known…

Let $(U_{n}(P,Q) $ and $(V_{n}(P,Q) $ denote the generalized Fibonacci and Lucas sequence, respectively. In this study, we assume that $Q=1.$ We determine all indices $n$ such that $U_{n}=5\square $ and $U_{n}=5U_{m}\square $ under some…

In this paper we propose an alternative formulation of the binary and ternary Goldbach conjectures as the systems of equations involving the Euler $\phi$-function.

We establish an integral representation for the Dirichlet generating function of the coefficients of Euler's pentagonal number theorem. The Bromwich-type integral enables analytic continuation to the entire complex plane, filling a gap in…

Let $C_n=n2^n+1$ denote the $n$th Cullen number. There has been recent interest in finding all Cullen numbers having a given Diophantine property. We prove that, for a fixed integer $k$ and bounded integers $a_1,\ldots,a_k$, the greatest…

Finding the mean square averages of the Dirichlet $L$-functions over Dirichlet characters $\chi$ of same parity is an active problem in number theory. Here we explicitly evaluate such averages of $L(3,\chi)$ and $L(4,\chi)$ using certain…

We introduce a natural definition for sums of the form \[ \sum_{\nu=1}^x f(\nu) \] when the number of terms x is a rather arbitrary real or even complex number. The resulting theory includes the known interpolation of the factorial by the…