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The Standard Model of cosmology, $\Lambda$CDM, while enormously successful, is currently unable to account for several cosmological anomalies the most prominent of which are in the measurements of the Hubble parameter and $S_8$.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-14 Amin Aboubrahim , Pran Nath

Galaxy number counts suggest that we are located within the Gpc-scale KBC void. The Hubble tension might arise due to gravitationally driven outflow from this void, as explored in detail by Haslbauer et al. We explore how the impact of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-09 Sergij Mazurenko , Indranil Banik , Pavel Kroupa

We explore the cosmological dynamics of a teleparallel Gauss-Bonnet gravity model defined by the torsion scalar $T$ and the torsion-based Gauss-Bonnet invariant $T_{\mathcal{G}}$, deriving modified Friedmann equations for a flat FLRW…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-16 Santosh V. Lohakare , S. K. Maurya , Aaisha Al Qassabi , B. Mishra

Ever since the Planck satellite measured the the cosmic microwave background (CMB) down to arcminute angular scales, the mismatch between the CMB-inferred value of the Hubble constant and the value inferred from the distance ladder (i.e.,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-01 Tristan L. Smith , Nils Schöneberg

Measurements of the current expansion rate of the Universe, $H_0$, using standard candles, disagree with those derived from observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). This discrepancy, known as the Hubble tension, is substantial…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-05 Sergio Torres-Arzayus

We derive an observational constraint on a spherical inhomogeneity of the void centered at our position from the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background(CMB) and local measurements of the Hubble parameter. The late time…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-04 Masato Tokutake , Kiyotomo Ichiki , Chul-Moon Yoo

We perform unbiased tests for the clumpiness of universe by confronting the Zel'dovich-Kantowski-Dyer-Roeder luminosity distance which describes the effect of local inhomogeneities on the propagation of light with the observational one…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-28 Zhengxiang Li , Xuheng Ding , Zong-Hong Zhu

In recent years discrepancies have emerged in measurements of the present-day rate of expansion of the universe $H_0$ and in estimates of the clustering of matter $S_8$. Using the most recent cosmological observations we reexamine a novel…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-16 Wenzhong Liu , Luis A. Anchordoqui , Eleonora Di Valentino , Supriya Pan , Yabo Wu , Weiqiang Yang

The decade-persistent Hubble tension has become a $5\sigma$ crisis of modern cosmology between the early-Universe extrapolation from globally fitting the standard $\Lambda$CDM to Planck-CMB measurements and the late-Universe measurement…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-26 Lu Huang , Rong-Gen Cai , Shao-Jiang Wang , Jian-Qi Liu , Yan-Hong Yao

Cosmological parameter fitting remains crucial, especially with the abundance of available data. While many parameters have been tightly constrained, discrepancies-most notably the Hubble tension-persist between measurements obtained from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-15 Ramanpreet Singh , Athul C N , H. K. Jassal

We present a measurement of the Hubble constant ($H_{0}$) and other cosmological parameters from a joint analysis of six gravitationally lensed quasars with measured time delays. All lenses except the first are analyzed blindly with respect…

We investigate the origin of $\Lambda$CDM parameter constraints in weak lensing, with a focus on the Hubble constant. We explain why current cosmic shear data are sensitive to the parameter combination $S_8 \propto \sigma_8 \Omega_m^{0.5}$,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 Alex Hall

Addressing the discrepancy between the late and early time measurements of the Hubble parameter, $H_0$, and the so-called $S_8$ parameter has been a challenge in precision cosmology. Several models are present to address these tensions, but…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-02 Ido Ben-Dayan , Utkarsh Kumar

With the recent increase in precision of our cosmological datasets, measurements of $\Lambda$CDM model parameter provided by high- and low-redshift observations started to be in tension, i.e., the obtained values of such parameters were…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-23 Matteo Martinelli , Isaac Tutusaus

Hubble tension is routinely presented as a mismatch between the Hubble constant $H_0$ determined locally and a value inferred from the flat $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. In essence, the tension boils down to a disagreement between two numbers.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-13 Chethan Krishnan , Eoin Ó Colgáin , M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari , Tao Yang

Lema\^{i}tre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) solutions have traditionally been confined to systems with no pressure in which the gravity is due to massive dust, but the solutions are little changed in form if, as in cosmology, the pressure is uniform in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-07 Donald Lynden-Bell , Jiří Bičák

The mismatch between the locally measured expansion rate of the universe and the one inferred from observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) assuming the canonical $\Lambda$CDM model has become the new cornerstone of modern…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-14 Luis A. Anchordoqui , Eleonora Di Valentino , Supriya Pan , Weiqiang Yang

One of the problem revealed recently in cosmology is a so-called Hubble tension (HT), which is the difference between values of the present Hubble constant, measured by observation of the universe at redshift $z \lesssim 1$, and by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-18 G. S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan

One of the most pressing problems in current cosmology is the cause of the Hubble tension. We revisit a two-rung distance ladder, composed only of Cepheid periods and magnitudes, anchor distances in the Milky Way, Large Magellanic Cloud,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-04 Richard Stiskalek , Harry Desmond , Eleni Tsaprazi , Alan Heavens , Guilhem Lavaux , Stuart McAlpine , Jens Jasche

To further shed light on whether pre-recombination models can resolve the Hubble tension, we explore constraints on the cosmic background evolution that are insensitive to early-universe physics. The analysis of the cosmic microwave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-27 Weikang Lin , Xingang Chen , Katherine J. Mack