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Symbolic Music Generation relies on the contextual representation capabilities of the generative model, where the most prevalent approach is the Transformer-based model. The learning of musical context is also related to the structural…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Guowei Wu , Shipei Liu , Xiaoya Fan

Standard methods in deep learning for natural language processing fail to capture the compositional structure of human language that allows for systematic generalization outside of the training distribution. However, human learners readily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Jake Russin , Jason Jo , Randall C. O'Reilly , Yoshua Bengio

Despite success in many domains, neural models struggle in settings where train and test examples are drawn from different distributions. In particular, in contrast to humans, conventional sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) models fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Bailin Wang , Mirella Lapata , Ivan Titov

Since self-attention layers in Transformers are permutation invariant by design, positional encodings must be explicitly incorporated to enable spatial understanding. However, fixed-size lookup tables used in traditional learnable position…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Huayang Li , Yahui Liu , Hongyu Sun , Deng Cai , Leyang Cui , Wei Bi , Peilin Zhao , Taro Watanabe

In this technical note, we study the problem of inverse permutation learning in decoder-only transformers. Given a permutation and a string to which that permutation has been applied, the model is tasked with producing the original…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Rohan Alur , Chris Hays , Manish Raghavan , Devavrat Shah

Continuous representation of words is a standard component in deep learning-based NLP models. However, representing a large vocabulary requires significant memory, which can cause problems, particularly on resource-constrained platforms.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-24 Siyu Liao , Jie Chen , Yanzhi Wang , Qinru Qiu , Bo Yuan

Neural networks have revolutionized language modeling and excelled in various downstream tasks. However, the extent to which these models achieve compositional generalization comparable to human cognitive abilities remains a topic of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Osman Batur İnce , Tanin Zeraati , Semih Yagcioglu , Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh , Erkut Erdem , Aykut Erdem

Machine learning on quantum computers has attracted attention for its potential to deliver computational speedups in different tasks. However, deep variational quantum circuits require a large number of trainable parameters that grows with…

We explore models for translating abstract musical ideas (scores, rhythms) into expressive performances using Seq2Seq and recurrent Variational Information Bottleneck (VIB) models. Though Seq2Seq models usually require painstakingly aligned…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Jon Gillick , Adam Roberts , Jesse Engel , Douglas Eck , David Bamman

Transformer architectures have achieved remarkable success across language, vision, and multimodal tasks, and there is growing demand for them to address in-context compositional learning tasks. In these tasks, models solve the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Wei Chen , Jingxi Yu , Zichen Miao , Qiang Qiu

Despite tremendous progress over the past decade, deep learning methods generally fall short of human-level systematic generalization. It has been argued that explicitly capturing the underlying structure of data should allow connectionist…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Andrea Dittadi

Transformer based models have shown remarkable capabilities in sequence learning across a wide range of tasks, often performing well on specific task by leveraging input-output examples. Despite their empirical success, a comprehensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yifan Hao , Chenlu Ye , Chi Han , Tong Zhang

Time series forecasting is crucial for many fields, such as disaster warning, weather prediction, and energy consumption. The Transformer-based models are considered to have revolutionized the field of sequence modeling. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Junlong Tong , Liping Xie , Wankou Yang , Kanjian Zhang

Compositional generalization allows efficient learning and human-like inductive biases. Since most research investigating compositional generalization in NLP is done on English, important questions remain underexplored. Do the necessary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Zi Wang , Daniel Hershcovich

In incremental learning, enhancing the generality of knowledge is crucial for adapting to dynamic data inputs. It can develop generalized representations or more balanced decision boundaries, preventing the degradation of long-term…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Hongyang Chen , Shaoling Pu , Lingyu Zheng , Zhongwu Sun

Many tasks can be composed from a few independent components. This gives rise to a combinatorial explosion of possible tasks, only some of which might be encountered during training. Under what circumstances can transformers compositionally…

How do neural networks trained over sequences acquire the ability to perform structured operations, such as arithmetic, geometric, and algorithmic computation? To gain insight into this question, we introduce the sequential group…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Giovanni Luca Marchetti , Daniel Kunin , Adele Myers , Francisco Acosta , Nina Miolane

Learning deeper models is usually a simple and effective approach to improve model performance, but deeper models have larger model parameters and are more difficult to train. To get a deeper model, simply stacking more layers of the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-27 GuoLiang Li , Yiyang Li

Deep Learning architectures, and in particular Transformers, are conventionally viewed as a composition of layers. These layers are actually often obtained as the sum of two contributions: a residual path that copies the input and the…

We propose a general framework for decoding quantum error-correcting codes with generative modeling. The model utilizes autoregressive neural networks, specifically Transformers, to learn the joint probability of logical operators and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Hanyan Cao , Feng Pan , Yijia Wang , Pan Zhang