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Opaque predicates are a well-established fundamental building block for software obfuscation. Simplified, an opaque predicate implements an expression that provides constant Boolean output, but appears to have dynamic behavior for static…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Max Hoffmann , Christof Paar

Superconducting electronics are among the most promising alternatives to conventional CMOS technology thanks to the ultra-fast speed and ultra-high energy efficiency of the superconducting devices. Having a cryogenic control processor is…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Shamiul Alam , Dana S. Rampini , Bakhrom G. Oripov , Adam N. McCaughan , Ahmedullah Aziz

In this paper, we introduce a novel Communication and Obfuscation Management Architecture (COMA) to handle the storage of the obfuscation key and to secure the communication to/from untrusted yet obfuscated circuits. COMA addresses three…

Compute-in-memory (CiM) is a promising solution for addressing the challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) hardware such as 'memory wall' issue. Specifically, CiM employing nonvolatile memory (NVM)…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Yifei Zhou , Xuchu Huang , Jianyi Yang , Kai Ni , Hussam Amrouch , Cheng Zhuo , Xunzhao Yin

While numerous obfuscation techniques are available for securing digital assets in the digital domain, there has been a notable lack of focus on protecting Intellectual Property (IP) in the analog domain. This is primarily due to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Muayad J. Aljafar , Florence Azais , Marie-Lise Flottes , Samuel Pagliarini

In this paper, we propose a canonical prune-and-SAT (CP&SAT) attack for breaking state-of-the-art routing-based obfuscation techniques. In the CP&SAT attack, we first encode the key-programmable routing blocks (keyRBs) based on an efficient…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Hadi Mardani Kamali , Kimia Zamiri Azar , Houman Homayoun , Avesta Sasan

With the ever-growing demand for cybersecurity, static key encryption mechanisms are increasingly vulnerable to adversarial attacks due to their deterministic and non-adaptive nature. Brute-force attacks, key compromise, and unauthorized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Kavya Bhand , Payal Khubchandani , Jyoti Khubchandani

As the conventional scaling of logic devices comes to an end, functional wafer backside and 3D transistor stacking are consensus for next-generation logic technology, offering considerable design space extension for powers, signals or even…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 Haoran Lu , Xun Jiang , Yanbang Chu , Ziqiao Xu , Rui Guo , Wanyue Peng , Yibo Lin , Runsheng Wang , Heng Wu , Ru Huang

Ferroelectrics offer a promising materials platform to realize energy-efficient non-volatile memory technology with the FeFET-based implementations being one of the most area-efficient ferroelectric memory architectures. However, the FeFET…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-30 Jaykumar Vaidya , R S Surya Kanthi , Shamiul Alam , Nazmul Amin , Ahmedullah Aziz , Nikhil Shukla

Non-volatile memories (NVMs) offer negligible leakage power consumption, high integration density, and data retention, but their non-volatility also raises the risk of data exposure. Conventional encryption techniques such as the Advanced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Sanwar Ahmed Ovy , Jiahui Duan , Md Ashraful Islam Romel , Franz Muller , Thomas Kampfe , Kai Ni , Sumitha George

The growing use of third-party hardware accelerators (e.g., FPGAs, ASICs) for deep neural networks (DNNs) introduces new security vulnerabilities. Conventional model-level backdoor attacks, which only poison a model's weights to misclassify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Sanskar Amgain , Daniel Lobo , Atri Chatterjee , Swarup Bhunia , Fnu Suya

A cascaded iterative Fourier transform (CIFT) algorithm is presented for optical security applications. Two phase-masks are designed and located in the input and the Fourier domains of a 4-f correlator respectively, in order to implement…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-10 Guohai Situ , Jingjuan Zhang

Reconfigurable devices have garnered significant attention for alleviating the scaling requirements of conventional CMOS technology, as they require fewer components to construct circuits with similar function. Prior works required…

Evaluating the effectiveness of software protection is crucial for selecting the most effective methods to safeguard assets within software applications. Obfuscation involves techniques that deliberately modify software to make it more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Leonardo Regano , Daniele Canavese , Cataldo Basile , Marco Torchiano

Logic locking has become a promising approach to provide hardware security in the face of a possibly insecure fabrication supply chain. While many techniques have focused on locking combinational logic (CL), an alternative latch-locking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Dake Chen , Xuan Zhou , Yinghua Hu , Yuke Zhang , Kaixin Yang , Andrew Rittenbach , Pierluigi Nuzzo , Peter A. Beerel

The era of widespread globalization has led to the emergence of hardware-centric security threats throughout the IC supply chain. Prior defenses like logic locking, layout camouflaging, and split manufacturing have been researched…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Nikhil Rangarajan , Satwik Patnaik , Johann Knechtel , Ramesh Karri , Ozgur Sinanoglu , Shaloo Rakheja

Long-range moire patterns in twisted WSe2 enable a built-in, moire-length-scale ferroelectric polarization that can be directly harnessed in electronic devices. Such a built-in ferroic landscape offers a compelling means to enable…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-10 Arup Singha , Shaili Sett , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Arindam Ghosh , Rahul Debnath

The implementation of cryptographic primitives in integrated circuits (ICs) continues to increase over the years due to the recent advancement of semiconductor manufacturing and reduction of cost per transistors. The hardware implementation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Ayush Jain , Ujjwal Guin

The massive trend toward embedded systems introduces new security threats to prevent. Malicious firmware makes it easier to launch cyberattacks against embedded systems. Systems infected with malicious firmware maintain the appearance of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Md Sadik Awal , Christopher Thompson , Md Tauhidur Rahman

The issue of detecting deepfakes has garnered significant attention in the research community, with the goal of identifying facial manipulations for abuse prevention. Although recent studies have focused on developing generalized models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Jiazhi Guan , Tianshu Hu , Hang Zhou , Zhizhi Guo , Lirui Deng , Chengbin Quan , Errui Ding , Youjian Zhao