Related papers: A Maximum Weighted Logrank Test in Detecting Cross…
We propose a method for comparing survival data based on the higher criticism of p-values obtained from multiple exact hypergeometric tests. The method accommodates non-informative right-censorship and is sensitive to hazard differences in…
Non-proportional hazards (NPH) are often observed in clinical trials with time-to-event endpoints. A common example is a long-term clinical trial with a delayed treatment effect in immunotherapy for cancer. When designing clinical trials…
When comparing multiple groups in clinical trials, we are not only interested in whether there is a difference between any groups but rather the location. Such research questions lead to testing multiple individual hypotheses. To control…
A fundamental concept in two-arm non-parametric survival analysis is the comparison of observed versus expected numbers of events on one of the treatment arms (the choice of which arm is arbitrary), where the expectation is taken assuming…
We conducted a systematic comparison of statistical methods used for the analysis of time-to-event outcomes under various proportional and nonproportional hazard (NPH) scenarios. Our study used data from recently published oncology trials…
Delayed separation of survival curves is a common occurrence in confirmatory studies in immuno-oncology. Many novel statistical methods that aim to efficiently capture potential long-term survival improvements have been proposed in recent…
There is a considerable literature in case-control logistic regression on whether or not non-confounding covariates should be adjusted for. However, only limited and ad hoc theoretical results are available on this important topic. A…
Prognostic models in survival analysis are aimed at understanding the relationship between patients' covariates and the distribution of survival time. Traditionally, semi-parametric models, such as the Cox model, have been assumed. These…
Genetic investigations often involve the testing of vast numbers of related hypotheses simultaneously. To control the overall error rate, a substantial penalty is required, making it difficult to detect signals of moderate strength. To…
The conventional nonparametric tests in survival analysis, such as the log-rank test, assess the null hypothesis that the hazards are equal at all times. However, hazards are hard to interpret causally, and other null hypotheses are more…
A test of the null hypothesis that a hazard rate is monotone nondecreasing, versus the alternative that it is not, is proposed. Both the test statistic and the means of calibrating it are new. Unlike previous approaches, neither is based on…
In Change point detection task Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT) is sequentially applied in a sliding window procedure. Its high values indicate changes of parametric distribution in the data sequence. Correspondingly LRT values require…
The inverse probability weighting approach is popular for evaluating treatment effects in observational studies, but extreme propensity scores could bias the estimator and induce excessive variance. Recently, the overlap weighting approach…
The classical approach to analyze time-to-event data, e.g. in clinical trials, is to fit Kaplan-Meier curves yielding the treatment effect as the hazard ratio between treatment groups. Afterwards commonly a log-rank test is performed in…
We introduce the anytime-valid (AV) logrank test, a version of the logrank test that provides type-I error guarantees under optional stopping and optional continuation. The test is sequential without the need to specify a maximum sample…
We introduce novel wild bootstrap procedures for testing superiority in unpaired two-sample survival data. By combining different classical weighted logrank test we obtain tests with broader power behavior. Right censoring within the data…
This paper proposes a new statistical test to assess the dominance of survival functions in the presence of right-censored data. Traditional methods, such as the log-rank test, are inadequate for determining whether one survival function…
It is of special importance in the clinical trial to compare survival times between the treatment group and the control group. Propensity score methods with a logistic regression model are often used to reduce the effects of confounders.…
This article introduces a robust hypothesis testing procedure: the Lq-likelihood-ratio-type test (LqRT). By deriving the asymptotic distribution of this test statistic, the authors demonstrate its robustness both analytically and…
Survival time is the primary endpoint of many randomized controlled trials, and a treatment effect is typically quantified by the hazard ratio under the assumption of proportional hazards. Awareness is increasing that in many settings this…