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The spectrum of the normalized graph Laplacian yields a very comprehensive set of invariants of a graph. In order to understand the information contained in those invariants better, we systematically investigate the behavior of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-19 Anirban Banerjee , Jürgen Jost

An important facet of the inverse eigenvalue problem for graphs is to determine the minimum number of distinct eigenvalues of a particular graph. We resolve this question for the join of a connected graph with a path. We then focus on…

This paper addresses the challenge of spectral analysis and structural investigation for graphs that are not distance-regular, where computing the spectrum using standard methods based on equitable and orbit partitions can be complex. Our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Ali Zafari , Saeid Alikhani

It is well known that a graph is bipartite if and only if the spectrum of its adjacency matrix is symmetric. In the present paper, this assertion is dissected into three separate matrix results of wider scope, which are extended also to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-11 V. Nikiforov

Here, we represent a general hypergraph by a matrix and study its spectrum. We extend the definition of equitable partition and joining operation for hypergraphs, and use those to compute eigenvalues of different hypergraphs. We derive the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-01 Amitesh Sarkar , Anirban Banerjee

The inverse eigenvalue problem of a graph studies the real symmetric matrices whose off-diagonal pattern is prescribed by the adjacencies of the graph. The strong spectral property (SSP) is an important tool for this problem. This note…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-19 Shaun M. Fallat , H. Tracy Hall , Jephian C. -H. Lin , Bryan L. Shader

The hierarchical product of two graphs represents a natural way to build a larger graph out of two smaller graphs with less regular and therefore more heterogeneous structure than the Cartesian product. Here we study the eigenvalue spectrum…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2016-11-28 Per Sebastian Skardal , Kirsti Wash

We are concerned with split graphs and pseudo-split graphs whose complements are isomorphic to themselves. These special subclasses of self-complementary graphs are actually the core of self-complementary graphs. Indeed, we show that all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-19 Yixin Cao , Haowei Chen , Shenghua Wang

Twin vertices of a graph have the same open neighbourhood. If they are not adjacent, then they are called duplicates and contribute the eigenvalue zero to the adjacency matrix. Otherwise they are termed co-duplicates, when they contribute…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-30 Johann A. Briffa , Irene Sciriha

Linear complementarity problems provide a powerful framework to model nonsmooth phenomena in a variety of real-world applications. In dynamical control systems, they appear coupled to a linear input-output system in the form of linear…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-23 Felix Miranda-Villatoro , Fernando Castaños , Alessio Franci

Typically, graph structures are represented by one of three different matrices: the adjacency matrix, the unnormalised and the normalised graph Laplacian matrices. The spectral (eigenvalue) properties of these different matrices are…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-27 J. F. Lutzeyer , A. T. Walden

The adjacency matrices of graphs form a special subset of the set of all integer symmetric matrices. The description of which graphs have all their eigenvalues in the interval [-2,2] (i.e., those having spectral radius at most 2) has been…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-17 James McKee , Chris Smyth

To determine that two given undirected graphs are isomorphic, we construct for them auxiliary graphs, using the breadth-first search. This makes capability to position vertices in each digraph with respect to each other. If the given graphs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Anatoly D. Plotnikov

We develop eigenvalue estimates for the Laplacians on discrete and metric graphs using different types of boundary conditions at the vertices of the metric graph. Via an explicit correspondence of the equilateral metric and discrete graph…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2008-04-08 Olaf Post , Fernando Lledo

The properties of a hypergraph explored through the spectrum of its unified matrix was made by the authors in [26]. In this paper, we introduce three different hypergraph matrices: unified Laplacian matrix, unified signless Laplacian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-14 R. Vishnupriya , R. Rajkumar

Consider two quantum graphs with the standard Laplace operator and non-Robin type boundary conditions at all vertices. We show that if their eigenvalue-spectra agree everywhere aside from a sufficiently sparse set, then the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2015-02-02 Ralf Rueckriemen

We consider a new class of non-self-adjoint matrices that arise from an indefinite self-adjoint linear pencil of matrices, and obtain the spectral asymptotics of the spectra as the size of the matrices diverges to infinity. We prove that…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2014-05-13 E. Brian Davies , Michael Levitin

A hollow matrix described by a graph $G$ is a real symmetric matrix having all diagonal entries equal to zero and with the off-diagonal entries governed by the adjacencies in $G$. For a given graph $G$, the determination of all possible…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-23 F. Scott Dahlgren , Zachary Gershkoff , Leslie Hogben , Sara Motlaghian , Derek Young

We give some properties of skew spectrum of a graph, especially, we answer negatively a problem concerning the skew characteristic polynomial and matching polynomial in [M. Cavers et al., Skew-adjacency matrices of graphs, Linear Algebra…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-29 Yanna Wang , Bo Zhou

The analysis of diagonalizable matrices in terms of their so-called isospectral reduction represents a versatile approach to the underlying eigenvalue problem. Starting from a symmetry of the isospectral reduction, we show in the present…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-05-27 Malte Röntgen , Maxim Pyzh , Christian V. Morfonios , Peter Schmelcher