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We propose a novel architecture for integrating large language models (LLMs) with a persistent, interactive Lisp environment. This setup enables LLMs to define, invoke, and evolve their own tools through programmatic interaction with a live…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Jordi de la Torre

Deep learning has proven effective for various application tasks, but its applicability is limited by the reliance on annotated examples. Self-supervised learning has emerged as a promising direction to alleviate the supervision bottleneck,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Hoifung Poon , Hai Wang , Hunter Lang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have emerged as an effective approach to tackling real-world problems. However, like human-written software, DNNs can have bugs and can be attacked. To address this, research has explored a wide-range of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Hai Duong , ThanhVu Nguyen , Matthew Dwyer

We contribute a theoretical and operational framework for neurosymbolic AI called DeepLog. DeepLog introduces building blocks and primitives for neurosymbolic AI that make abstraction of commonly used representations and computational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Vincent Derkinderen , Robin Manhaeve , Rik Adriaensen , Lucas Van Praet , Lennert De Smet , Giuseppe Marra , Luc De Raedt

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has recently emerged as a promising approach to solve combinatorial optimization problems such as job shop scheduling. However, the policies learned by DRL are typically represented by deep neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chengpeng Hu , Yingqian Zhang , Hendrik Baier

Deep neural networks, empowered by pre-trained language models, have achieved remarkable results in natural language understanding (NLU) tasks. However, their performances can drastically deteriorate when logical reasoning is needed. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Zhixuan Liu , Zihao Wang , Yuan Lin , Hang Li

Understanding spoken language is a highly complex problem, which can be decomposed into several simpler tasks. In this paper, we focus on Spoken Language Understanding (SLU), the module of spoken dialog systems responsible for extracting a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-22 Marco Dinarelli , Yoann Dupont , Isabelle Tellier

Labeling training examples at scale is a perennial challenge in machine learning. Self-supervision methods compensate for the lack of direct supervision by leveraging prior knowledge to automatically generate noisy labeled examples. Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Hunter Lang , Hoifung Poon

Neuro-Symbolic Artificial Intelligence (NeSy AI) has emerged as a promising direction for integrating neural learning with symbolic reasoning. Typically, in the probabilistic variant of such systems, a neural network first extracts a set of…

Recent years have seen a surge of interest in Probabilistic Logic Programming (PLP) and Statistical Relational Learning (SRL) models that combine logic with probabilities. Structure learning of these systems is an intersection area of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-02-26 Wang-Zhou Dai , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Despite recent advances in modern machine learning algorithms, the opaqueness of their underlying mechanisms continues to be an obstacle in adoption. To instill confidence and trust in artificial intelligence systems, Explainable Artificial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Zheng Zhang , Liangliang Xu , Levent Yilmaz , Bo Liu

Stochastic algorithms are efficient approaches to solving machine learning and optimization problems. In this paper, we propose a general framework called Splash for parallelizing stochastic algorithms on multi-node distributed systems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-09-24 Yuchen Zhang , Michael I. Jordan

Probabilistic Logic Programming (PLP), exemplified by Sato and Kameya's PRISM, Poole's ICL, Raedt et al's ProbLog and Vennekens et al's LPAD, is aimed at combining statistical and logical knowledge representation and inference. A key…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-10-09 Muhammad Asiful Islam , C. R. Ramakrishnan , I. V. Ramakrishnan

This paper presents a hybrid methodology that enhances the training process of deep learning (DL) models by embedding domain expert knowledge using ontologies and answer set programming (ASP). By integrating these symbolic AI methods, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Fadi Al Machot , Martin Thomas Horsch , Habib Ullah

DeepLog is an operational neurosymbolic framework that unifies logic and deep learning within standard PyTorch workflows. While existing neurosymbolic systems focus on a particular paradigm and semantics, DeepLog serves as a universal…

Parameter learning is a crucial task in the field of Statistical Relational Artificial Intelligence: given a probabilistic logic program and a set of observations in the form of interpretations, the goal is to learn the probabilities of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Damiano Azzolini , Elisabetta Gentili , Fabrizio Riguzzi

Building models for realistic natural language tasks requires dealing with long texts and accounting for complicated structural dependencies. Neural-symbolic representations have emerged as a way to combine the reasoning capabilities of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Maria Leonor Pacheco , Dan Goldwasser

Neuro-symbolic artificial intelligence (NSAI) represents a transformative approach in artificial intelligence (AI) by combining deep learning's ability to handle large-scale and unstructured data with the structured reasoning of symbolic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Oualid Bougzime , Samir Jabbar , Christophe Cruz , Frédéric Demoly

Deep probabilistic programming languages try to combine the advantages of deep learning with those of probabilistic programming languages. If successful, this would be a big step forward in machine learning and programming languages.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-19 Guillaume Baudart , Martin Hirzel , Louis Mandel

A central challenge in program induction has long been the trade-off between symbolic and neural approaches. Symbolic methods offer compositional generalisation and data efficiency, yet their scalability is constrained by formalisms such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Matthew V. Macfarlane , Clément Bonnet , Herke van Hoof , Levi H. S. Lelis