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The unsupervised Pretraining method has been widely used in aiding human action recognition. However, existing methods focus on reconstructing the already present frames rather than generating frames which happen in future.In this paper, We…

Predictive coding (PC) is an influential computational model of visual learning and inference in the brain. Classical PC was proposed as a top-down generative model, where the brain actively predicts upcoming visual inputs, and inference…

The acoustic-to-word model based on the connectionist temporal classification (CTC) criterion was shown as a natural end-to-end (E2E) model directly targeting words as output units. However, the word-based CTC model suffers from the…

Recurrent neural networks have been the dominant models for many speech and language processing tasks. However, we understand little about the behavior and the class of functions recurrent networks can realize. Moreover, the heuristics used…

This paper presents a novel algorithm for building an automatic speech recognition (ASR) model with imperfect training data. Imperfectly transcribed speech is a prevalent issue in human-annotated speech corpora, which degrades the…

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) help patients with faltering communication abilities due to neurodegenerative diseases produce text or speech output by direct neural processing. However, practical implementation of such a system has proven…

Most existing sequence labelling models rely on a fixed decomposition of a target sequence into a sequence of basic units. These methods suffer from two major drawbacks: 1) the set of basic units is fixed, such as the set of words,…

Off-topic spoken response detection, the task aiming at predicting whether a response is off-topic for the corresponding prompt, is important for an automated speaking assessment system. In many real-world educational applications,…

This paper presents BERT-CTC, a novel formulation of end-to-end speech recognition that adapts BERT for connectionist temporal classification (CTC). Our formulation relaxes the conditional independence assumptions used in conventional CTC…

The connectionist temporal classification (CTC) enables end-to-end sequence learning by maximizing the probability of correctly recognizing sequences during training. The outputs of a CTC-trained model tend to form a series of spikes…

Transformer-based encoder-decoder models that generate outputs in a left-to-right fashion have become standard for sequence-to-sequence tasks. In this paper, we propose a framework for decoding that produces sequences from the "outside-in":…

Probabilistic time series forecasting is crucial in many application domains such as retail, ecommerce, finance, or biology. With the increasing availability of large volumes of data, a number of neural architectures have been proposed for…

In neural dialogue modeling, a neural network is trained to predict the next utterance, and at inference time, an approximate decoding algorithm is used to generate next utterances given previous ones. While this autoregressive framework…

Existing approaches to neural machine translation (NMT) generate the target language sequence token by token from left to right. However, this kind of unidirectional decoding framework cannot make full use of the target-side future contexts…

Recently, the acoustic-to-word model based on the Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) criterion was shown as a natural end-to-end model directly targeting words as output units. However, this type of word-based CTC model suffers…

The dichotomy between the challenging nature of obtaining annotations for activities, and the more straightforward nature of data collection from wearables, has resulted in significant interest in the development of techniques that utilize…

Recent work on end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) has shown that the connectionist temporal classification (CTC) loss can be used to convert acoustics to phone or character sequences. Such systems are used with a dictionary and…

This article proposes a convenient tool for decoding the output of neural networks trained by Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) for handwritten text recognition. We use regular expressions to describe the complex structures…

In recent decades, neural network based methods have significantly improved the performace of speech enhancement. Most of them estimate time-frequency (T-F) representation of target speech directly or indirectly, then resynthesize waveform…

Neural Machine Translation(NMT) models are usually trained via unidirectional decoder which corresponds to optimizing one-step-ahead prediction. However, this kind of unidirectional decoding framework may incline to focus on local structure…