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Robots can learn to do complex tasks in simulation, but often, learned behaviors fail to transfer well to the real world due to simulator imperfections (the reality gap). Some existing solutions to this sim-to-real problem, such as Grounded…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Haresh Karnan , Siddharth Desai , Josiah P. Hanna , Garrett Warnell , Peter Stone

Domain randomization (DR) enables sim-to-real transfer by training controllers on a distribution of simulated environments, with the goal of achieving robust performance in the real world. Although DR is widely used in practice and is often…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-01 Tesshu Fujinami , Bruce D. Lee , Nikolai Matni , George J. Pappas

Generating large-scale synthetic data in simulation is a feasible alternative to collecting/labelling real data for training vision-based deep learning models, albeit the modelling inaccuracies do not generalize to the physical world. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Ajay Kumar Tanwani

Recently, deep reinforcement learning (RL) has shown some impressive successes in robotic manipulation applications. However, training robots in the real world is nontrivial owing to sample efficiency and safety concerns. Sim-to-real…

Learning-based approaches, particularly reinforcement learning (RL), have become widely used for developing control policies for autonomous agents, such as locomotion policies for legged robots. RL training typically maximizes a predefined…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Dylan Khor , Bowen Weng

Domain randomization in reinforcement learning is an established technique for increasing the robustness of control policies trained in simulation. By randomizing environment properties during training, the learned policy can become robust…

Training self-driving cars is often challenging since they require a vast amount of labeled data in multiple real-world contexts, which is computationally and memory intensive. Researchers often resort to driving simulators to train the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Avinash Amballa , Advaith P. , Pradip Sasmal , Sumohana Channappayya

The data-driven approach to robot control has been gathering pace rapidly, yet generalization to unseen task domains remains a critical challenge. We argue that the key to generalization is representations that are (i) rich enough to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Bo Ai , Zhanxin Wu , David Hsu

Recent years have witnessed significant progress in autonomous navigation using reinforcement learning. However, existing approaches largely emphasize reinforcement learning framework design, such as input representations, action spaces,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Zhefan Xu , Hanyu Jin , Kenji Shimada

How to explore corner cases as efficiently and thoroughly as possible has long been one of the top concerns in the context of deep reinforcement learning (DeepRL) autonomous driving. Training with simulated data is less costly and dangerous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Haoyi Niu , Jianming Hu , Zheyu Cui , Yi Zhang

Sim-to-real transfer remains a critical bottleneck for deploying dexterous manipulation policies learned in simulation to real-world robots. Existing approaches rely on manually designed domain randomization or task-specific adaptation,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zijian Zeng , Fei Ding , Huiming Yang , Xianwei Li , Yuhao Liao

Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods have been widely applied for robotic manipulations via sim-to-real transfer, typically with proprioceptive and visual information. However, the incorporation of tactile sensing into RL for contact-rich…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Zihan Ding , Ya-Yen Tsai , Wang Wei Lee , Bidan Huang

Simulation can be a powerful tool for understanding machine learning systems and designing methods to solve real-world problems. Training and evaluating methods purely in simulation is often "doomed to succeed" at the desired task in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Alex Bewley , Jessica Rigley , Yuxuan Liu , Jeffrey Hawke , Richard Shen , Vinh-Dieu Lam , Alex Kendall

The goal of this work is to address the recent success of domain randomization and data augmentation for the sim2real setting. We explain this success through the lens of causal inference, positioning domain randomization and data…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Melissa Mozifian , Amy Zhang , Joelle Pineau , David Meger

The advent of tactile sensors in robotics has sparked many ideas on how robots can leverage direct contact measurements of their environment interactions to improve manipulation tasks. An important line of research in this regard is that of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Luca Lach , Robert Haschke , Davide Tateo , Jan Peters , Helge Ritter , Júlia Borràs , Carme Torras

Simulation is used extensively in autonomous systems, particularly in robotic manipulation. By far, the most common approach is to train a controller in simulation, and then use it as an initial starting point for the real system. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-06 Shirli Di Castro Shashua , Dotan Di Castro , Shie Mannor

This paper proposes a novel alternative to existing sim-to-real methods for training control policies with simulated experiences. Unlike prior methods that typically rely on domain randomization over a fixed finite set of parameters, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Junhyeok Rui Cha , Woohyun Cha , Jaeyong Shin , Donghyeon Kim , Jaeheung Park

This chapter addresses the critical challenge of simulation-to-reality (sim-to-real) transfer for deep reinforcement learning (DRL) in bipedal locomotion. After contextualizing the problem within various control architectures, we dissect…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Lingfan Bao , Tianhu Peng , Chengxu Zhou

Transfer reinforcement learning aims to improve the sample efficiency of solving unseen new tasks by leveraging experiences obtained from previous tasks. We consider the setting where all tasks (MDPs) share the same environment dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Kaige Yang

Domain-independent probabilistic planners input an MDP description in a factored representation language such as PPDDL or RDDL, and exploit the specifics of the representation for faster planning. Traditional algorithms operate on each…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Aniket Bajpai , Sankalp Garg , Mausam
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