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Classical shadow tomography provides a randomized scheme for approximating the quantum state and its properties at reduced computational cost with applications in quantum computing. In this Letter we present an algorithm for realizing fewer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-20 Irma Avdic , David A. Mazziotti

The ability of fully reconstructing quantum maps is a fundamental task of quantum information, in particular when coupling with the environment and experimental imperfections of devices are taken into account. In this context we carry out a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-04 I. Bongioanni , L. Sansoni , F. Sciarrino , G. Vallone , P. Mataloni

We introduce "holographic shadows", a new class of randomized measurement schemes for classical shadow tomography that achieves the optimal scaling of sample complexity for learning geometrically local Pauli operators at any length scale,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 Shuhan Zhang , Xiaozhou Feng , Matteo Ippoliti , Yi-Zhuang You

Computed tomography (CT) is a non-destructive technique for observing internal images and has proven highly valuable in medical diagnostics. Recent advances in quantum computing have begun to influence tomographic reconstruction techniques.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-19 Arim Ryou , Kiwoong Kim , Kyungtaek Jun

We describe an approach for characterizing the process of quantum gates using quantum process tomography, by first modeling them in an extended Hilbert space, which includes non-qubit degrees of freedom. To prevent unphysical processes from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Peter P. Rohde , G. J. Pryde , J. L. O'Brien , Timothy C. Ralph

Among recent insights into learning quantum states, online learning and shadow tomography procedures are notable for their ability to accurately predict expectation values even of adaptively chosen observables. In contrast to the state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-07 Asad Raza , Matthias C. Caro , Jens Eisert , Sumeet Khatri

Random quantum states have various applications in quantum information science. We discover a new ensemble of quantum states that serve as an $\epsilon$-approximate state $t$-design while possessing extremely low entanglement, magic, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-25 Wonjun Lee , Minki Hhan , Gil Young Cho , Hyukjoon Kwon

Characterization of quantum objects, being them states, processes, or measurements, complemented by previous knowledge about them is a valuable approach, especially as it leads to routine procedures for real-life components. To this end,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-28 Massimiliano Guarneri , Ilaria Gianani , Marco Barbieri , Andrea Chiuri

Shadow estimation is a sample-efficient protocol for learning the properties of a quantum system using randomized measurements, but the current understanding of qudit shadow estimation is quite limited compared with the qubit setting. Here…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-30 Chengsi Mao , Changhao Yi , Huangjun Zhu

This thesis actively focuses on designing, analyzing, and experimentally implementing various QST and QPT protocols using an NMR ensemble quantum processor and superconducting qubit-based IBM cloud quantum processor. Part of the thesis also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-19 Akshay Gaikwad

Several methods, known as Quantum Process Tomography, are available to characterize the evolution of quantum systems, a task of crucial importance. However, their complexity dramatically increases with the size of the system. Here we…

Accurate and robust estimation of quantum process properties is crucial for quantum information processing and quantum many-body physics. Combining classical shadow tomography and randomized benchmarking, Helsen et al. introduced a method…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-02 Yuqing Wang , Guoding Liu , Zhenhuan Liu , Yifan Tang , Xiongfeng Ma , Hao Dai

Quantum computing promises to revolutionize various fields, yet the execution of quantum programs necessitates an effective compilation process. This involves strategically mapping quantum circuits onto the physical qubits of a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Tian Li , Xiao-Yue Xu , Chen Ding , Tian-Ci Tian , Wei-You Liao , Shuo Zhang , He-Liang Huang

Quantum machine learning techniques have been proposed as a way to potentially enhance performance in machine learning applications. In this paper, we introduce two new quantum methods for neural networks. The first one is a quantum…

Characterizing quantum systems is a fundamental task that enables the development of quantum technologies. Various approaches, ranging from full tomography to instances of classical shadows, have been proposed to this end. However, quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-16 Franz J. Schreiber , Jens Eisert , Johannes Jakob Meyer

Shadow tomography for quantum states provides a sample efficient approach for predicting the properties of quantum systems when the properties are restricted to expectation values of $2$-outcome POVMs. However, these shadow tomography…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-08 Weiyuan Gong , Scott Aaronson

In the noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) era, the control over the qubits is limited due to the errors caused by quantum decoherence, crosstalk, and imperfect calibration. Hence, it is necessary to reduce the size of the large-scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-24 Jishnu Mahmud , Shaikh Anowarul Fattah

We develop several algorithms for performing quantum phase estimation based on basic measurements and classical post-processing. We present a pedagogical review of quantum phase estimation and simulate the algorithm to numerically determine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-30 Krysta M. Svore , Matthew B. Hastings , Michael Freedman

Quantum state tomography (QST) is the art of reconstructing an unknown quantum state through measurements. It is a key primitive for developing quantum technologies. Neural network quantum state tomography (NNQST), which aims to reconstruct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-18 Victor Wei , W. A. Coish , Pooya Ronagh , Christine A. Muschik

In the present work, we propose a generalization of the confidence polytopes approach for quantum state tomography (QST) to the case of quantum process tomography (QPT). Our approach allows obtaining a confidence region in the polytope form…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-19 E. O. Kiktenko , D. O. Norkin , A. K. Fedorov