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In the last few years, quantum computing and machine learning fostered rapid developments in their respective areas of application, introducing new perspectives on how information processing systems can be realized and programmed. The…

Recurrent neural networks are the foundation of many sequence-to-sequence models in machine learning, such as machine translation and speech synthesis. In contrast, applied quantum computing is in its infancy. Nevertheless there already…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Johannes Bausch

The loss landscape of Variational Quantum Neural Networks (VQNNs) is characterized by local minima that grow exponentially with increasing qubits. Because of this, it is more challenging to recover information from model gradients during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Georgios Papadopoulos , Shaltiel Eloul , Yash Satsangi , Jamie Heredge , Niraj Kumar , Chun-Fu Chen , Marco Pistoia

Quantum neural networks (QNNs) are an analog of classical neural networks in the world of quantum computing, which are represented by a unitary matrix with trainable parameters. Inspired by the universal approximation property of classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 Ariel Neufeld , Philipp Schmocker , Viet Khoa Tran

In recent years, variational quantum algorithms have garnered significant attention as a candidate approach for near-term quantum advantage using noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. In this article we introduce kernel descent,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Lars Simon , Holger Eble , Manuel Radons

Quantum computing enables quantum neural networks (QNNs) to have great potentials to surpass artificial neural networks (ANNs). The powerful generalization of neural networks is attributed to nonlinear activation functions. Although various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-30 Shilu Yan , Hongsheng Qi , Wei Cui

Quantum neural networks generalize classical artificial neural networks into the quantum domain. They are formulated as parameterized quantum circuits which are optimized by measuring and minimizing a suitably chosen loss function. The core…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Mario Boneberg , Simon Kochsiek , Igor Lesanovsky

This work targets the automated minimum-energy optimization of Quantized Neural Networks (QNNs) - networks using low precision weights and activations. These networks are trained from scratch at an arbitrary fixed point precision. At…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Bert Moons , Koen Goetschalckx , Nick Van Berckelaer , Marian Verhelst

With the maturation of quantum computing technology, research has gradually shifted towards exploring its applications. Alongside the rise of artificial intelligence, various machine learning methods have been developed into quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Abel C. H. Chen

Variational Quantum Algorithms are one of the most promising candidates to yield the first industrially relevant quantum advantage. Being capable of arbitrary function approximation, they are often referred to as Quantum Neural Networks…

In the race towards quantum computing, the potential benefits of quantum neural networks (QNNs) have become increasingly apparent. However, Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) processors are prone to errors, which poses a significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Erik B. Terres Escudero , Danel Arias Alamo , Oier Mentxaka Gómez , Pablo García Bringas

Variational quantum circuits are used in quantum machine learning and variational quantum simulation tasks. Designing good variational circuits or predicting how well they perform for given learning or optimization tasks is still unclear.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-18 Junyu Liu , Francesco Tacchino , Jennifer R. Glick , Liang Jiang , Antonio Mezzacapo

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) has recently emerged as a highly promising research frontier. Within this domain, Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs),characterized by Variational Quantum Circuits (VQCs) at their core and featuring layers of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Ban Q. Tran , Duong M. Chu , Hai T. D. Pham , Viet Q. Nguyen , Quan A. Pham , Susan Mengel

Quantum machine learning (QML) is an emerging field that investigates the capabilities of quantum computers for learning tasks. While QML models can theoretically offer advantages such as exponential speed-ups, challenges in data loading…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-03 Florian J. Kiwit , Bernhard Jobst , Andre Luckow , Frank Pollmann , Carlos A. Riofrío

The inherent noise and complexity of quantum communication networks leads to challenges in designing quantum network protocols using classical methods. To address this issue, we develop a variational quantum optimization framework that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-14 Brian Doolittle , Tom Bromley , Nathan Killoran , Eric Chitambar

Quantum machine learning aims to release the prowess of quantum computing to improve machine learning methods. By combining quantum computing methods with classical neural network techniques we aim to foster an increase of performance in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-03-17 Andrew Blance , Michael Spannowsky

Variational Quantum Circuits (VQCs), or the so-called quantum neural-networks, are predicted to be one of the most important near-term quantum applications, not only because of their similar promises as classical neural-networks, but also…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Shaopeng Zhu , Shih-Han Hung , Shouvanik Chakrabarti , Xiaodi Wu

Quantum neural networks (QNNs) are a framework for creating quantum algorithms that promises to combine the speedups of quantum computation with the widespread successes of machine learning. A major challenge in QNN development is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-18 Maria Kieferova , Ortiz Marrero Carlos , Nathan Wiebe

Quantum neural networks (QNNs) play an important role as an emerging technology in the rapidly growing field of quantum machine learning. While their empirical success is evident, the theoretical explorations of QNNs, particularly their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Jiaqi Yang , Wei Xie , Xiaohua Xu

The development of quantum neural networks (QNNs) has attracted considerable attention due to their potential to surpass classical models in certain machine learning tasks. Nonetheless, it remains unclear under which conditions QNNs provide…