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Transformer-based language models utilize the attention mechanism for substantial performance improvements in almost all natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Similar attention structures are also extensively studied in several other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Nurullah Sevim , Ege Ozan Özyedek , Furkan Şahinuç , Aykut Koç

We show that Transformer encoder architectures can be sped up, with limited accuracy costs, by replacing the self-attention sublayers with simple linear transformations that "mix" input tokens. These linear mixers, along with standard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-30 James Lee-Thorp , Joshua Ainslie , Ilya Eckstein , Santiago Ontanon

Sequence-to-sequence models have become central in Artificial Intelligence, particularly following the introduction of the transformer architecture. While initially developed for Natural Language Processing, these models have demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Daniel Gallo Fernández

Self-attention mechanisms model long-range context by using pairwise attention between all input tokens. In doing so, they assume a fixed attention granularity defined by the individual tokens (e.g., text characters or image pixels), which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Chen Huang , Walter Talbott , Navdeep Jaitly , Josh Susskind

Scaling sequence length has become a critical demand in the era of large language models. However, existing methods struggle with either computational complexity or model expressivity, rendering the maximum sequence length restricted. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Jiayu Ding , Shuming Ma , Li Dong , Xingxing Zhang , Shaohan Huang , Wenhui Wang , Nanning Zheng , Furu Wei

Transformers achieve unrivalled performance in modelling language, but remain inefficient in terms of memory and time complexity. A possible remedy is to reduce the sequence length in the intermediate layers by pooling fixed-length segments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Piotr Nawrot , Jan Chorowski , Adrian Łańcucki , Edoardo M. Ponti

State-of-the-art speech-to-text models typically employ Transformer-based encoders that model token dependencies via self-attention mechanisms. However, the quadratic complexity of self-attention in both memory and computation imposes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Eva Feillet , Ryan Whetten , David Picard , Alexandre Allauzen

In this paper, we describe the use of recurrent neural networks to capture sequential information from the self-attention representations to improve the Transformers. Although self-attention mechanism provides a means to exploit long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Tze Yuang Chong , Xuyang Wang , Lin Yang , Junjie Wang

Transformer-based models have achieved dominant performance in numerous NLP tasks. Despite their remarkable successes, pre-trained transformers such as BERT suffer from a computationally expensive self-attention mechanism that interacts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jungmin Yun , Mihyeon Kim , Youngbin Kim

Transformers have emerged as the cornerstone of state-of-the-art natural language processing models, showcasing exceptional performance across a wide range of AI applications. However, the memory demands posed by the self-attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Hao Liu , Pieter Abbeel

Ever since their conception, Transformers have taken over traditional sequence models in many tasks, such as NLP, image classification, and video/audio processing, for their fast training and superior performance. Much of the merit is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Hongyu Hè , Marko Kabic

We explore options to use Transformer networks in neural transducer for end-to-end speech recognition. Transformer networks use self-attention for sequence modeling and comes with advantages in parallel computation and capturing contexts.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-30 Ching-Feng Yeh , Jay Mahadeokar , Kaustubh Kalgaonkar , Yongqiang Wang , Duc Le , Mahaveer Jain , Kjell Schubert , Christian Fuegen , Michael L. Seltzer

Despite the recent success in many applications, the high computational requirements of vision transformers limit their use in resource-constrained settings. While many existing methods improve the quadratic complexity of attention, in most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Dmitrii Marin , Jen-Hao Rick Chang , Anurag Ranjan , Anish Prabhu , Mohammad Rastegari , Oncel Tuzel

Retentive Network (RetNet) represents a significant advancement in neural network architecture, offering an efficient alternative to the Transformer. While Transformers rely on self-attention to model dependencies, they suffer from high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Haiqi Yang , Zhiyuan Li , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Transformer models have become the dominant backbone for sequence modeling, leveraging self-attention to produce contextualized token representations. These are typically aggregated into fixed-size vectors via pooling operations for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Sofiane Ennadir , Levente Zólyomi , Oleg Smirnov , Tianze Wang , John Pertoft , Filip Cornell , Lele Cao

The computing power of mobile devices limits the end-user applications in terms of storage size, processing, memory and energy consumption. These limitations motivate researchers for the design of more efficient deep models. On the other…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-05 Pooyan Safari , Miquel India , Javier Hernando

To improve persistence diagram representation learning, we propose Multiset Transformer. This is the first neural network that utilizes attention mechanisms specifically designed for multisets as inputs and offers rigorous theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Minghua Wang , Ziyun Huang , Jinhui Xu

Transformers have achieved success in both language and vision domains. However, it is prohibitively expensive to scale them to long sequences such as long documents or high-resolution images, because self-attention mechanism has quadratic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Chen Zhu , Wei Ping , Chaowei Xiao , Mohammad Shoeybi , Tom Goldstein , Anima Anandkumar , Bryan Catanzaro

Effective attention modules have played a crucial role in the success of Transformer-based large language models (LLMs), but the quadratic time and memory complexities of these attention modules also pose a challenge when processing long…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ao Sun , Weilin Zhao , Xu Han , Cheng Yang , Zhiyuan Liu , Chuan Shi , Maosong Sun

Efficient parallelization of Large Language Models (LLMs) with long sequences is essential but challenging due to their significant computational and memory demands, particularly stemming from communication bottlenecks in attention…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zongwu Wang , Fangxin Liu , Mingshuai Li , Li Jiang
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