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Although adaptive optimization algorithms such as Adam show fast convergence in many machine learning tasks, this paper identifies a problem of Adam by analyzing its performance in a simple non-convex synthetic problem, showing that Adam's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Wenjie Li , Zhaoyang Zhang , Xinjiang Wang , Ping Luo

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved significant success in a variety of real world applications, i.e., image classification. However, tons of parameters in the networks restrict the efficiency of neural networks due to the large model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Yuzhe Ma , Ran Chen , Wei Li , Fanhua Shang , Wenjian Yu , Minsik Cho , Bei Yu

We present a class of novel optimisers for training neural networks that makes use of the Riemannian metric naturally induced when the loss landscape is embedded in higher-dimensional space. This is the same metric that underlies common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Thomas R. Harvey

Adam is one of the most influential adaptive stochastic algorithms for training deep neural networks, which has been pointed out to be divergent even in the simple convex setting via a few simple counterexamples. Many attempts, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Congliang Chen , Li Shen , Fangyu Zou , Wei Liu

Neural network optimization remains one of the most consequential yet poorly understood challenges in modern AI research, where improvements in training algorithms can lead to enhanced feature learning in foundation models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ansh Nagwekar

The fine-tuning of pre-trained models has become ubiquitous in generative AI, computer vision, and robotics. Although much attention has been paid to improving the efficiency of fine-tuning model, there has been less scholarship around…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Anirudh S Chakravarthy , Shuai Kyle Zheng , Xin Huang , Sachithra Hemachandra , Xiao Zhang , Yuning Chai , Zhao Chen

This paper deals with nonconvex stochastic optimization problems in deep learning and provides appropriate learning rates with which adaptive learning rate optimization algorithms, such as Adam and AMSGrad, can approximate a stationary…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-24 Hideaki Iiduka

In the context of stochastic gradient descent(SGD) and adaptive moment estimation (Adam),researchers have recently proposed optimization techniques that transition from Adam to SGD with the goal of improving both convergence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Jiaxuan Wang , Jenna Wiens

AdaBelief, one of the current best optimizers, demonstrates superior generalization ability compared to the popular Adam algorithm by viewing the exponential moving average of observed gradients. AdaBelief is theoretically appealing in that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Yangfan Zhou , Kaizhu Huang , Cheng Cheng , Xuguang Wang , Amir Hussain , Xin Liu

As optimizers are critical to the performances of neural networks, every year a large number of papers innovating on the subject are published. However, while most of these publications provide incremental improvements to existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Less Wright , Nestor Demeure

In this work, to efficiently help escape the stationary and saddle points, we propose, analyze, and generalize a stochastic strategy performed as an operator for a first-order gradient descent algorithm in order to increase the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Wei Zhang , Yu Bao

Despite their overwhelming capacity to overfit, deep neural networks trained by specific optimization algorithms tend to generalize well to unseen data. Recently, researchers explained it by investigating the implicit regularization effect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Bohan Wang , Qi Meng , Wei Chen , Tie-Yan Liu

Using histopathological images to automatically classify cancer is a difficult task for accurately detecting cancer, especially to identify metastatic cancer in small image patches obtained from larger digital pathology scans. Computer…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-16 Guanwen Qiu , Xiaobing Yu , Baolin Sun , Yunpeng Wang , Lipei Zhang

Despite superior training outcomes, adaptive optimization methods such as Adam, Adagrad or RMSprop have been found to generalize poorly compared to Stochastic gradient descent (SGD). These methods tend to perform well in the initial portion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-21 Nitish Shirish Keskar , Richard Socher

Adam is a popular and widely used adaptive gradient method in deep learning, which has also received tremendous focus in theoretical research. However, most existing theoretical work primarily analyzes its full-batch version, which differs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xuan Tang , Han Zhang , Yuan Cao , Difan Zou

First-order optimization methods, such as stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants, are widely used in machine learning applications due to their simplicity and low per-iteration costs. However, they often require larger numbers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Chih-Hao Fang , Sudhir B Kylasa , Fred Roosta , Michael W. Mahoney , Ananth Grama

Adam is the important optimization algorithm to guarantee efficiency and accuracy for training many important tasks such as BERT and ImageNet. However, Adam is generally not compatible with information (gradient) compression technology.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Hanlin Tang , Shaoduo Gan , Samyam Rajbhandari , Xiangru Lian , Ji Liu , Yuxiong He , Ce Zhang

This paper proposes a new optimizer for deep learning, named d-AmsGrad. In the real-world data, noise and outliers cannot be excluded from dataset to be used for learning robot skills. This problem is especially striking for robots that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Taisuke Kobayashi

In this paper, we propose a general deep learning training framework XGrad which introduces weight prediction into the popular gradient-based optimizers to boost their convergence and generalization when training the deep neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Lei Guan , Dongsheng Li , Yanqi Shi , Jian Meng

Within the current sphere of deep learning research, despite the extensive application of optimization algorithms such as Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam), there remains a pronounced inadequacy in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Zhifeng Wang , Longlong Li , Chunyan Zeng