Related papers: SecurePtrs: Proving Secure Compilation with Data-F…

Attackers can access sensitive information of programs by exploiting the side-effects of speculatively-executed instructions using Spectre attacks. To mitigate theses attacks, popular compilers deployed a wide range of countermeasures. The…

Misconceptions about program execution hinder many novice programmers. We introduce SimpliPy, a notional machine designed around a carefully chosen Python subset to clarify core control flow and scoping concepts. Its foundation is a precise…

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has emerged as a powerful technique for enhancing large language models' capabilities by generating intermediate reasoning steps for complex tasks. A common practice for equipping LLMs with reasoning is to…

Decompilation is foundational to binary analysis, yet conventional tools prioritize human readability over strict recompilability and verifiable runtime correctness. While recent LLM-based approaches attempt to refine decompiled pseudocode,…

Q-learning is one of the most popular methods in Reinforcement Learning (RL). Transfer Learning aims to utilize the learned knowledge from source tasks to help new tasks to improve the sample complexity of the new tasks. Considering that…

This paper describes an `obfuscating' C compiler for encrypted computing. The context consists of (i) a processor that `works encrypted', taking in encrypted inputs and producing encrypted outputs while the data remains in encrypted form…

Backdoor attacks are a kind of insidious security threat against machine learning models. After being injected with a backdoor in training, the victim model will produce adversary-specified outputs on the inputs embedded with predesigned…

Transfer learning is an umbrella term for machine learning approaches that leverage knowledge gained from solving one problem (the source domain) to improve speed, efficiency, and data requirements in solving a different but related problem…

(CROPPED TO FIT IN ARXIV'S SILLY LIMIT. SEE PDF FOR COMPLETE ABSTRACT.) We are the first to thoroughly explore a large space of formal secure compilation criteria based on robust property preservation, i.e., the preservation of properties…

We present the first technique to synthesize programs that compose side-effecting functions, pure functions, and control flow, from partial traces containing records of only the side-effecting functions. This technique can be applied to…

Capability machines such as CHERI provide memory capabilities that can be used by compilers to provide security benefits for compiled code (e.g., memory safety). The existing C to CHERI compiler, for example, achieves memory safety by…

A transcompiler, also known as source-to-source translator, is a system that converts source code from a high-level programming language (such as C++ or Python) to another. Transcompilers are primarily used for interoperability, and to port…

Unsupervised on-the-fly back-translation, in conjunction with multilingual pretraining, is the dominant method for unsupervised neural machine translation. Theoretically, however, the method should not work in general. We therefore conduct…

Coarse-grained reconfigurable arrays (CGRAs) have gained attention in recent years due to their promising power efficiency compared to traditional von Neumann architectures. To program these architectures using ordinary languages such as C,…

Existing precise pointer tracing methods introduce substantial runtime overhead to the program being traced and are applicable only at specific program execution points. We propose MappedTrace that leverages compiler-generated read-only…

We present efficient and practical algorithms for a large, distributed system of processors to achieve reliable computations in a secure manner. Specifically, we address the problem of computing a general function of several private inputs…

Information flow security ensures that the secret data manipulated by a program does not influence its observable output. Proving information flow security is especially challenging for concurrent programs, where operations on secret data…

Short TCP flows that are critical for many interactive applications in data centers are plagued by large flows and head-of-line blocking in switches. Hash-based load balancing schemes such as ECMP aggravate the matter and result in…

Weird machines---the computational models accessible by exploiting security vulnerabilities---arise from the difference between the model a programmer has in her head of how her program should run and the implementation that actually…

Compiler optimizations are designed to improve run-time performance while preserving input-output behavior. Correctness in this sense does not necessarily preserve security: it is known that standard optimizations may break or weaken…