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The LIGO/Virgo Collaboration (LVC) recently reported the detection of GW190814, a merger of a $23^{+1.0}_{-0.9}~M_{\odot}$ primary black hole (BH), and a $2.6^{+0.08}_{-0.08}~M_{\odot}$ secondary. The secondary's mass falls into the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-08-19 Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh , Abraham Loeb

The LIGO/Virgo Scientific Collaboration recently announced the detection of a compact object binary merger, GW190412, as the first asymmetric binary black hole (BBH) merger with mass ratio $q\approx0.25$. Other than the mass ratio, this BBH…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-07-08 Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh , Kenta Hotokezaka

The merging black-hole (BH) binaries GW190412, GW190814 and GW190521 from the third LIGO/VIRGO observing run exhibit some extraordinary properties, including highly asymmetric masses, significant spin, and component mass in the "mass gap".…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-21 Bin Liu , Dong Lai

The astrophysical origin of binary black hole (BBH) mergers remains uncertain, although many events have been observed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network. Such mergers are potentially originated in the vicinity of massive black holes (MBHs).…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-05 Shu-Cheng Yang , Wen-Biao Han , Hiromichi Tagawa , Song Li , Chen Zhang

GW190814 was reported during LIGO's and Virgo's third observing run with the most asymmetric component masses (a $\sim 23$ $M_{\odot}$ black hole and a $\sim2.6$ $M_{\odot}$ compact object). Under the assumption that this event is a binary…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-06 F. Lyu , L. Yuan , D. H. Wu , W. H. Guo , Y. Z. Wang , S. X. Yi , Q. W. Tang , R. -C. Hu , J. -P. Zhu , X. W. Shu , Y. Qin , E. W. Liang

The recent discovery of the binary black hole (BBH) merger event GW190521, between two black holes (BHs) of $\approx100M_\odot$, and as well as other massive BBH merger events involving BHs within the pair-instability supernova (PSN) mass…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-09-07 Sambaran Banerjee

The discovery of the gravitational-wave source GW150914 with the Advanced LIGO detectors provides the first observational evidence for the existence of binary black-hole systems that inspiral and merge within the age of the Universe. Such…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-02-17 The LIGO Scientific Collaboration , the Virgo Collaboration

On August 14, 2019, the LIGO and Virgo detectors observed GW190814, a gravitational-wave signal originating from the merger of a $\simeq 23 M_\odot$ black hole with a $\simeq 2.6 M_\odot$ compact object. GW190814's compact-binary source is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-08-07 Michael Zevin , Mario Spera , Christopher P. L. Berry , Vicky Kalogera

During the fourth observing run of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA detector network, the LIGO Livingston observatory detected a coalescing compact binary, GW230529_181500, with component masses of $2.5-4.5\, M_\odot$ and $1.2-2.0\, M_\odot$ at the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-28 Qing-Guo Huang , Chen Yuan , Zu-Cheng Chen , Lang Liu

LIGO and Virgo have reported the detection of GW190521, from the merger of a binary black hole (BBH) with a total mass around $150$ M$_\odot$. While current stellar models limit the mass of any black hole (BH) remnant to about $40 - 50$…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-10-21 Giacomo Fragione , Abraham Loeb , Frederic A. Rasio

We investigate the possible dynamical origin of GW190814, a gravitational wave (GW) source discovered by the LIGO-Virgo-Kagra collaboration (LVC) associated with a merger between a stellar black hole (BH) with mass $23.2$ M$_\odot$ and a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-03 Manuel Arca Sedda

The two recent gravitational-wave events GW190425 and GW190814 from the third observing run of LIGO/Virgo have both a companion which is unexpected if originated from a neutron star or a stellar black hole, with masses $[1.6-2.5]~M_\odot$…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-28 Sebastien Clesse , Juan Garcia-Bellido

Using numerical models for star clusters spanning a wide range in ages and metallicities (Z) we study the masses of binary black holes (BBHs) produced dynamically and merging in the local universe ($z\lesssim0.2$). After taking into account…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-02-22 Sourav Chatterjee , Carl L. Rodriguez , Vicky Kalogera , Frederic A. Rasio

GW231123, the most massive binary black hole (BBH) merger detected by LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA, highlights the need to understand the origins of massive, high-spin stellar black holes (BHs). Dense star clusters provide natural environments for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-12 Fulya Kıroğlu , Kyle Kremer , Frederic A. Rasio

The recently discovered gravitational wave sources GW190521 and GW190814 have shown evidence of BH mergers with masses and spins that could be outside of the range expected from isolated stellar evolution. These merging objects could have…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-03 Hiromichi Tagawa , Bence Kocsis , Zoltan Haiman , Imre Bartos , Kazuyuki Omukai , Johan Samsing

The LIGO-Virgo-Kagra collaboration (LVC) discovered recently GW190521, a gravitational wave (GW) source associated with the merger between two black holes (BHs) with mass $66$ M$_\odot$ and $>85$ M$_\odot$. GW190521 represents the first BH…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-10-27 Manuel Arca Sedda , Francesco Paolo Rizzuto , Thorsten Naab , Jeremiah Ostriker , Mirek Giersz , Rainer Spurzem

Recently, the LIGO-Virgo collaborations have reported the coalescence of a binary involving a black hole and a low-mass gap object (LMGO) with mass in the range $\sim2.5-5M_\odot$. Such detections, challenge our understanding of the black…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-08-11 Konstantinos Kritos , Ilias Cholis

The recent discovery of GW150914, the binary black hole merger detected by Advanced LIGO, has the potential to revolutionize observational astrophysics. But to fully utilize this new window into the universe, we must compare these new…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-04-20 Carl L. Rodriguez , Sourav Chatterjee , Frederic A. Rasio

GW231123 is an exceptionally massive binary black hole (BBH) merger with unusually high component spins. Such extreme properties challenge conventional stellar evolution models predicting a black hole mass gap due to pair-instability…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-03 Yin-Jie Li , Shao-Peng Tang , Ling-Qin Xue , Yi-Zhong Fan

GW231123 is the most massive binary black hole (BBH) merger detected to date by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration. With at least one black hole (BH) in the upper-mass gap and both BHs exhibiting high spins ($\chi_{1,2} \gtrsim 0.8$), this…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-16 Lavinia Paiella , Cristiano Ugolini , Mario Spera , Marica Branchesi , Manuel Arca Sedda
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