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Adversarial example generation has been a hot spot in recent years because it can cause deep neural networks (DNNs) to misclassify the generated adversarial examples, which reveals the vulnerability of DNNs, motivating us to find good…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Mingjie Li , Hanzhou Wu , Xinpeng Zhang

Contextualized word embeddings have been replacing standard embeddings as the representational knowledge source of choice in NLP systems. Since a variety of biases have previously been found in standard word embeddings, it is crucial to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Marion Bartl , Malvina Nissim , Albert Gatt

Numerous types of social biases have been identified in pre-trained language models (PLMs), and various intrinsic bias evaluation measures have been proposed for quantifying those social biases. Prior works have relied on human annotated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Masahiro Kaneko , Danushka Bollegala , Naoaki Okazaki

Gender bias is a frequent occurrence in NLP-based applications, especially pronounced in gender-inflected languages. Bias can appear through associations of certain adjectives and animate nouns with the natural gender of referents, but also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Nishtha Jain , Maja Popovic , Declan Groves , Eva Vanmassenhove

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial examples, perturbations to correctly classified examples which can cause the model to misclassify. In the image domain, these perturbations are often virtually indistinguishable to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-26 Moustafa Alzantot , Yash Sharma , Ahmed Elgohary , Bo-Jhang Ho , Mani Srivastava , Kai-Wei Chang

NLP models are shown to suffer from robustness issues, i.e., a model's prediction can be easily changed under small perturbations to the input. In this work, we present a Controlled Adversarial Text Generation (CAT-Gen) model that, given an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Tianlu Wang , Xuezhi Wang , Yao Qin , Ben Packer , Kang Li , Jilin Chen , Alex Beutel , Ed Chi

In this paper we investigate the vulnerability that facial recognition systems present to adversarial examples by introducing a new methodology from the attacker perspective. The technique is based on the use of the autoencoder latent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Marina Fuster , Ignacio Vidaurreta

Adversarial examples are inputs to machine learning models designed by an adversary to cause an incorrect output. So far, adversarial examples have been studied most extensively in the image domain. In this domain, adversarial examples can…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-10 Yao Qin , Nicholas Carlini , Ian Goodfellow , Garrison Cottrell , Colin Raffel

Current adversarial attack algorithms, where an adversary changes a text to fool a victim model, have been repeatedly shown to be effective against text classifiers. These attacks, however, generally assume that the victim model is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Tom Roth , Inigo Jauregi Unanue , Alsharif Abuadbba , Massimo Piccardi

Neural machine translation systems tend to fail on less decent inputs despite its significant efficacy, which may significantly harm the credibility of this systems-fathoming how and when neural-based systems fail in such cases is critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Wei Zou , Shujian Huang , Jun Xie , Xinyu Dai , Jiajun Chen

Adversarial examples are typically constructed by perturbing an existing data point within a small matrix norm, and current defense methods are focused on guarding against this type of attack. In this paper, we propose unrestricted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Yang Song , Rui Shu , Nate Kushman , Stefano Ermon

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly transformed the educational landscape. As current plagiarism detection tools struggle to keep pace with LLMs' rapid advancements, the educational community faces the challenge of assessing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Roy Xie , Chengxuan Huang , Junlin Wang , Bhuwan Dhingra

Deep neural networks have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial examples deliberately constructed to misclassify victim models. As most adversarial examples have restricted their perturbations to $L_{p}$-norm, existing defense methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Hanieh Naderi , Leili Goli , Shohreh Kasaei

Contextual language models (CLMs) have pushed the NLP benchmarks to a new height. It has become a new norm to utilize CLM provided word embeddings in downstream tasks such as text classification. However, unless addressed, CLMs are prone to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Rishabh Bhardwaj , Navonil Majumder , Soujanya Poria

Adversarial examples are helpful for analyzing and improving the robustness of text classifiers. Generating high-quality adversarial examples is a challenging task as it requires generating fluent adversarial sentences that are semantically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Lei Xu , Alfredo Cuesta-Infante , Laure Berti-Equille , Kalyan Veeramachaneni

Recently, substantial progress has been made in language modeling by using deep neural networks. However, in practice, large scale neural language models have been shown to be prone to overfitting. In this paper, we present a simple yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Dilin Wang , Chengyue Gong , Qiang Liu

While end-to-end neural machine translation (NMT) has achieved impressive progress, noisy input usually leads models to become fragile and unstable. Generating adversarial examples as the augmented data has been proved to be useful to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Juncheng Wan , Jian Yang , Shuming Ma , Dongdong Zhang , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu , Zhoujun Li

Learning distributed sentence representations remains an interesting problem in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). We want to learn a model that approximates the conditional latent space over the representations of a logical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-08 Yikang Shen , Shawn Tan , Chin-Wei Huang , Aaron Courville

In retrieval-based dialogue systems, a response selection model acts as a ranker to select the most appropriate response among several candidates. However, such selection models tend to rely on context-response content similarity, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Nyoungwoo Lee , ChaeHun Park , Ho-Jin Choi , Jaegul Choo

Large language models have many beneficial applications, but can they also be used to attack content-filtering algorithms in social media platforms? We investigate the challenge of generating adversarial examples to test the robustness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Piotr Przybyła , Euan McGill , Horacio Saggion