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As a warm-blooded mammalian species, we humans routinely leave thermal residues on various objects with which we come in contact. This includes common input devices, such as keyboards, that are used for entering (among other things) secret…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-12 Tyler Kaczmarek , Ercan Ozturk , Gene Tsudik

Considering the rise of cyberattacks incidents worldwide, the need to ensure stronger passwords is necessary. Developing a password strength meter (PSM) can help users create stronger passwords when creating an account on an online…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Nikitha M. Palaniappan , Ying He

Large language models (LLMs) successfully model natural language from vast amounts of text without the need for explicit supervision. In this paper, we investigate the efficacy of LLMs in modeling passwords. We present PassGPT, a LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Javier Rando , Fernando Perez-Cruz , Briland Hitaj

An interesting challenge for the cryptography community is to design authentication protocols that are so simple that a human can execute them without relying on a fully trusted computer. We propose several candidate authentication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-09-13 Jeremiah Blocki , Manuel Blum , Anupam Datta , Santosh Vempala

Despite numerous countermeasures proposed by practitioners and researchers, remote control-flow alteration of programs with memory-safety vulnerabilities continues to be a realistic threat. Guaranteeing that complex software is completely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-20 Martín Ochoa , Sebastian Banescu , Cynthia Disenfeld , Gilles Barthe , Vijay Ganesh

Password management has long been a persistently challenging task. This led to the introduction of password management software, which has been around for at least 25 years in various forms, including desktop and browser-based applications.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Efstratios Chatzoglou , Vyron Kampourakis , Zisis Tsiatsikas , Georgios Karopoulos , Georgios Kambourakis

Consistent hashing is used in distributed systems and networking applications to spread data evenly and efficiently across a cluster of nodes. In this paper, we present MementoHash, a novel consistent hashing algorithm that eliminates known…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Massimo Coluzzi , Amos Brocco , Alessandro Antonucci , Tiziano Leidi

Many computer-based authentication schemata are based on pass- words. Logging on a computer, reading email, accessing content on a web server are all examples of applications where the identification of the user is usually accomplished…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Michele Finelli

Large-scale password data breaches are becoming increasingly commonplace, which has enabled researchers to produce a substantial body of password security research utilising real-world password datasets, which often contain numbers of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Saul Johnson , João Ferreira , Alexandra Mendes , Julien Cordry

While password managers are a vital tool for internet security, they can also create a massive central point of failure, as evidenced by several major recent data breaches. For over 20 years, deterministic password generators (DPGs) have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Vivek Nair , Dawn Song

Modern web and digital application password storage relies on password hashing for storage and security. Ad-hoc upgrade of password storage to keep up with hash algorithm norms may be used to save costs but can introduce unforeseen…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Thomas Rivasseau

Some protected password change protocols were proposed. However, the previous protocols were easily vulnerable to several attacks such as denial of service, password guessing, stolen-verifier and impersonation atacks etc. Recently, Chang et…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ren-Chiun Wang , Chou-Chen Yang , Kun-Ru Mo

Passwords remain one of the most common methods for securing sensitive data in the digital age. However, weak password choices continue to pose significant risks to data security and privacy. This study aims to solve the problem by focusing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Pappu Jha , Hanzla Hamid , Oluseyi Olukola , Ashim Dahal , Nick Rahimi

Memory-hard functions (MHF) are functions whose evaluation cost is dominated by memory cost. MHFs are egalitarian, in the sense that evaluating them on dedicated hardware (like FPGAs or ASICs) is not much cheaper than on off-the-shelf…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-07-11 Joel Alwen , Jeremiah Blocki , Krzysztof Pietrzak

Consistent hashing is a technique for distributing data across a network of nodes in a way that minimizes reorganization when nodes join or leave the network. It is extensively applied in modern distributed systems as a fundamental…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Massimo Coluzzi , Amos Brocco , Alessandro Antonucci , Tiziano Leidi

A partial password is a mode of password-based authentication that is widely used, especially in the financial sector. It is based on a challenge-response protocol, where at each login attempt, a challenge requesting characters from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-03 Theodosis Mourouzis , Marcin Wojcik , Nikos Komninos

In recent years, the attack which leverages register information (e.g. accounts and passwords) leaked from 3rd party applications to try other applications is popular and serious. We call this attack "database collision". Traditionally,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Bo Zhao , Yu Zhou

Memory-augmented large language models extend reasoning beyond a fixed context window by maintaining long-term memory across interactions. However, existing memory systems often collapse stable user facts, episodic events, and behavioral…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Hyeonjeong Ha , Jeonghwan Kim , Cheng Qian , Jiayu Liu , William M. Campbell , Yue Wu , Yuji Zhang , Kathleen McKeown , Dilek Hakkani-Tur , Heng Ji

This paper presents the D2KLab team's approach to the RecSys Challenge 2019 which focuses on the task of recommending accommodations based on user sessions. What is the feeling of a person who says "Rooms of the hotel are enormous, staff…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Amine Dadoun , Raphael Troncy

Large Language Models (LLMs) based agents excel at diverse tasks, yet they suffer from brittle procedural memory that is manually engineered or entangled in static parameters. In this work, we investigate strategies to endow agents with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Runnan Fang , Yuan Liang , Xiaobin Wang , Jialong Wu , Shuofei Qiao , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang