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Our review explores the comparative analysis between Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Vision Transformers (ViTs) in the domain of image classification, with a particular focus on clothing classification within the e-commerce sector.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Sonia Bbouzidi , Ghazala Hcini , Imen Jdey , Fadoua Drira

Machine learning techniques that perform morphological classification of astronomical sources often suffer from a scarcity of labelled training data. Here, we focus on the case of supervised deep learning models for the morphological…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-16 Lennart Rustige , Janis Kummer , Florian Griese , Kerstin Borras , Marcus Brüggen , Patrick L. S. Connor , Frank Gaede , Gregor Kasieczka , Tobias Knopp , Peter Schleper

The taxonomy of galaxy morphology is critical in astrophysics as the morphological properties are powerful tracers of galaxy evolution. With the upcoming Large-scale Imaging Surveys, billions of galaxy images challenge astronomers to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-05-04 Zhirui Zhang , Zhiqiang Zou , Nan Li , Yanli Chen

Structural properties posses valuable information about the formation and evolution of galaxies, and are important for understanding the past, present, and future universe. Here we use unsupervised machine learning methodology to analyze a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-26 Andrew Schutter , Lior Shamir

Machine learning researchers strive to develop better and better algorithms to solve computer vision problems, such as image classification. In recent years, the classification of micro-Doppler spectrograms has also benefited from these…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Arkadiusz Czuba

In the last decade, convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) have dominated and achieved state-of-the-art performances in a variety of medical imaging applications. However, the performances of ConvNets are still limited by lacking the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-15 Junyu Chen , Yufan He , Eric C. Frey , Ye Li , Yong Du

We use Bayesian convolutional neural networks and a novel generative model of Galaxy Zoo volunteer responses to infer posteriors for the visual morphology of galaxies. Bayesian CNN can learn from galaxy images with uncertain labels and…

Wide-parameter-space searches for continuous gravitational waves using semi-coherent matched-filter methods require enormous computing power, which limits their achievable sensitivity. Here we explore an alternative search method based on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-22 Prasanna. M. Joshi , Reinhard Prix

Remote sensing datasets offer significant promise for tackling key classification tasks such as land-use categorization, object presence detection, and rural/urban classification. However, many existing studies tend to focus on narrow tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Gautam Siddharth Kashyap , Manaswi Kulahara , Nipun Joshi , Usman Naseem

We introduce a continuous depth version of the Residual Network (ResNet) called Neural ordinary differential equations (NODE) for the purpose of galaxy morphology classification. We carry out a classification of galaxy images from the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-19 Raghav Gupta , P. K. Srijith , Shantanu Desai

Accurate classification of celestial objects is essential for advancing our understanding of the universe. MargNet is a recently developed deep learning-based classifier applied to SDSS DR16 dataset to segregate stars, quasars, and compact…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-29 Srinadh Reddy Bhavanam , Sumohana S. Channappayya , P. K. Srijith , Shantanu Desai

A clear understanding of where humans move in a scenario, their usual paths and speeds, and where they stop, is very important for different applications, such as mobility studies in urban areas or robot navigation tasks within…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Placido Falqueto , Alberto Sanfeliu , Luigi Palopoli , Daniele Fontanelli

The availability of large, structured populations of neural networks - called 'model zoos' - has led to the development of a multitude of downstream tasks ranging from model analysis, to representation learning on model weights or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Damian Falk , Léo Meynent , Florence Pfammatter , Konstantin Schürholt , Damian Borth

Galaxy morphologies play an essential role in the study of the evolution of galaxies. The determination of morphologies is laborious for a large amount of data giving rise to machine learning-based approaches. Unfortunately, most of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Zhuo Cao , Lena Krieger , Hanno Scharr , Ira Assent

One of the major challenges in astronomy involves accurately classifying galaxies, particularly distinguishing between different galaxy types. While many complex algorithms have shown strong performance in classification tasks, their…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-13 Sazatul Nadhilah Zakaria , Santtosh Muniyandy , John Y. H. Soo

Deep neural networks (DNNs) with a step-by-step introduction of inputs, which is constructed by imitating the somatosensory system in human body, known as SpinalNet have been implemented in this work on a Galaxy Zoo dataset. The input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Dim Shaiakhmetov , Remudin Reshid Mekuria , Ruslan Isaev , Fatma Unsal

We present morphological classifications obtained using machine learning for objects in SDSS DR6 that have been classified by Galaxy Zoo into three classes, namely early types, spirals and point sources/artifacts. An artificial neural…

Hybrids of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Vision Transformer (ViT) have outperformed pure CNN or ViT architecture. However, since these architectures require large parameters and incur large computational costs, they are unsuitable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Mikhael Djajapermana , Moritz Reiber , Daniel Mueller-Gritschneder , Ulf Schlichtmann

The study of the morphology of galaxies is important in order to understand the formation and evolution of galaxies and their sub-components as a function of luminosity, environment, and star-formation and galaxy assembly over cosmic time.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-01-12 Yogesh Wadadekar

Land Use Scene Classification (LUSC) from remote sensing imagery plays a critical role in environmental monitoring, urban planning, and sustainable resource management. In recent years, deep learning methods have significantly advanced the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Arun D. Kulkarni