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The rich dynamics and phase structure of driven systems includes the recently described phenomenon of the "discrete time crystal" (DTC), a robust phase which spontaneously breaks the discrete time translation symmetry of its driving…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-18 Jared Rovny , Robert L. Blum , Sean E. Barrett

This paper investigates the possibility of generating Floquet-time crystals in higher dimensions ($d\geq 2$) through the time-periodic driving of integrable free-fermionic models. The realization leads to rigid time-crystal phases that are…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-05-13 Rahul Chandra , Analabha Roy

Time crystals (TCs) are many-body systems displaying spontaneous breaking of time translation symmetry. Here, we demonstrate a TC using driven-dissipative condensates of microcavity exciton-polaritons, spontaneously formed from an…

We consider a dissipative quantum Ising model periodically driven by a train of $\pi$-pulses and investigate dissipative discrete time crystals (DTCs) in solids. In this model, the interaction between the spins spontaneously breaks the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-06-01 Koki Chinzei , Tatsuhiko N. Ikeda

Many-body quantum systems, under suitable conditions, exhibit time-translation symmetry breaking and settle in a discrete time crystalline (DTC) phase -- an out-of-equilibrium quantum phase of matter. The defining feature of DTC is a robust…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 Gourab Das , Saptarshi Saha , Rangeet Bhattacharyya

We reveal a continuous dynamical heating transition between a prethermal and an infinite-temperature stage in a clean, chaotic periodically driven classical spin chain. The transition time is a steep exponential function of the drive…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-01-21 Owen Howell , Phillip Weinberg , Dries Sels , Anatoli Polkovnikov , Marin Bukov

Periodically driven thermodynamic systems support stable non-equilibrium oscillating states with properties drastically different from equilibrium. They exhibit even more exotic features for low viscous drives, which is a regime that is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-02-27 Shakul Awasthi , Sreedhar B. Dutta

Time crystals are genuinely non-equilibrium quantum phases of matter that break time-translational symmetry. While in non-equilibrium closed systems time crystals have been experimentally realized, it remains an open question whether or not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 Andreu Riera-Campeny , Maria Moreno-Cardoner , Anna Sanpera

We investigate the discrete time crystal (DTC) phase in a qubit ensemble, periodically driven by its interaction with either a photon or a transmon field, which is prone to dissipative leakage. We find this DTC to be robust against changes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-09 Tanaya Ray , Shuva Mondal , Ujjwal Sen

The late-time equilibrium behavior of generic interacting models is determined by the coupled hydrodynamic equations associated with the globally conserved quantities. In the presence of an external time-dependent drive, non-integrable…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-06-10 Haoyu Guo , Rohit Mukherjee , Debanjan Chowdhury

Particles subject to weak contact interactions in a finite-size lattice tend to thermalise. The Hamiltonian evolution ensures energy conservation and the final temperature is fully determined by the initial conditions. In this work we show…

Floquet (periodically driven) systems can give rise to unique non-equilibrium phases of matter without equilibrium analogs. The most prominent example is the realization of discrete time crystals. An intriguing question emerges: what other…

Floquet insulators are periodically driven quantum systems that can host novel topological phases as a function of the drive parameters. These new phases exhibit features reminiscent of fermion doubling in discrete-time lattice fermion…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-12 Thomas Iadecola , Srimoyee Sen , Lars Sivertsen

We introduce a new class of out-of-equilibrium noninteracting topological phases, the topological space-time crystals. These are time-dependent quantum systems which do not have discrete spatial translation symmetries, but instead are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-05-06 Yang Peng

Discrete time crystals are periodically driven systems that display spontaneous symmetry breaking of time translation invariance in the form of indefinite subharmonic oscillations. We introduce a thermodynamically consistent model for a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-01-20 Lukas Oberreiter , Udo Seifert , Andre C. Barato

We construct a class of period-$n$-tupling discrete time crystals based on $\mathbb{Z}_n$ clock variables, for all the integers $n$. We consider two classes of systems where this phenomenology occurs, disordered models with short-range…

Higher-order and fractional discrete time crystals (DTCs) are exotic phases of matter where the discrete time translation symmetry is broken into higher-order and non-integer category. Generation of these unique DTCs has been widely studied…

Classical Hamiltonian systems with conserved charges and those with constraints often describe dynamics on a pre-symplectic manifold. Here we show that a pre-symplectic manifold is also the proper stage to describe autonomous energy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-08-26 Anton Alekseev , Dai Jin , Antti J. Niemi

We demonstrate the existence of a dynamical quantum phase transition (DQPT) in a dissipative collective-spin model that exhibits the boundary time crystal (BTC) phase. We initialize the system in the ground state of the Hamiltonian in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Sukrut Mondkar , Priya Ghosh , Ujjwal Sen

Time crystals are classified into discrete time crystals and continuous time crystals based on whether they spontaneously break time-translation symmetry. Continuous-time crystals do not require external driving. By introducing AdS/CFT…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-15 Ximo Wang , Qiwei Han , Zhenqi Bai , Hongyan Fan , Yichi Zhang