Related papers: Early completion based on multiple dosages to acce…
Accurate dose calculation is vitally important for proton therapy. Pencil beam (PB) model-based dose calculation is fast but inaccurate due to the approximation when dealing with inhomogeneities. Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculation is the…
We consider the matrix completion problem where the aim is to esti-mate a large data matrix for which only a relatively small random subset of its entries is observed. Quite popular approaches to matrix completion problem are iterative…
In this paper we study methods for estimating causal effects in settings with panel data, where some units are exposed to a treatment during some periods and the goal is estimating counterfactual (untreated) outcomes for the treated…
Existing AI agents typically execute multi-step tasks autonomously and only allow user confirmation at the end. During execution, users have little control, making the confirm-at-end approach brittle: a single error can cascade and force a…
In this article, we present a simple technique for boosting the order of accuracy of finite difference schemes for time dependent partial differential equations by optimally selecting the time step used to advance the numerical solution and…
We consider applying multi-armed bandits to model-assisted designs for dose-finding clinical trials. Multi-armed bandits are very simple and powerful methods to determine actions to maximize a reward in a limited number of trials. Among the…
We propose a dynamic allocation procedure that increases power and efficiency when measuring an average treatment effect in sequential randomized trials. Subjects arrive iteratively and are either randomized or paired via a matching…
Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) is an FDA approved treatment for specific types of cancer and significantly extends patients life. The intensity of the TTFields within the tumor was associated with the treatment outcomes: the larger the…
Finite mixture models have been widely used for the modelling and analysis of data from heterogeneous populations. Maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters is typically carried out via the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. The…
Adaptive Phase 2/3 designs hold great promise in contemporary oncology drug development, especially when limited data from Phase 1 dose-finding is insufficient for identifying an optimal dose. However, there is a general concern about…
Over the past decade, various matrix completion algorithms have been developed. Thresholded singular value decomposition (SVD) is a popular technique in implementing many of them. A sizable number of studies have shown its theoretical and…
When making treatment selection decisions, it is essential to include a causal effect estimation analysis to compare potential outcomes under different treatments or controls, assisting in optimal selection. However, merely estimating…
An important objective in the development of targeted therapies is to identify the populations where the treatment under consideration has positive benefit risk balance. We consider pivotal clinical trials, where the efficacy of a treatment…
Dose-finding studies in oncology often include an up-and-down dose transition rule that assigns a dose to each cohort of patients based on accumulating data on dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) events. In making a dose transition decision, a key…
Clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) collect hundreds of measurements spanning various metric types (e.g., laboratory tests, cognitive/motor assessments, etc.) across 100s-1000s of subjects to evaluate the effect of a treatment, but…
In oncology, phase II or multiple expansion cohort trials are crucial for clinical development plans. This is because they aid in identifying potent agents with sufficient activity to continue development and confirm the proof of concept.…
The combination of high-throughput experimentation techniques and machine learning (ML) has recently ushered in a new era of accelerated material discovery, enabling the identification of materials with cutting-edge properties. However, the…
Non-coplanar Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) goes a step further by orienting the gantry carrying the radiation beam and the patient couch in a non-coplanar manner to accurately target the cancer region and better avoid…
We consider a modified Ci3+3 (MCi3+3) design for dual-agent dose-finding trials in which both agents are tested on multiple doses. This usually happens when the agents are novel therapies. The MCi3+3 design offers a two-stage or three-stage…
The paper addresses the problem of computing maximal expected time to termination of probabilistic timed automata (PTA) models, under the condition that the system will, eventually, terminate. This problem can exhibit high computational…