Related papers: Local temperature in general relativity
Tolman's relation for the temperature gradient in an equilibrium self-gravitating general relativistic fluid is broadly accepted within the general relativity community. However, the concept of temperature gradients in thermal equilibrium…
The temperature distribution in presence of gravity, as measured by a local observer, is given by the Tolman expression. Here I derive the same only from the Gibbon's-Hawking-York surface term. In this process no explicit use of Einstein's…
The Tolman effect is well-known in relativistic cosmology but rarely discussed outside it. That is surprising because the effect -- that systems extended over a varying gravitational potential exhibit temperature gradients while in thermal…
This work is concerned with thermal quantum states of Hamiltonians on spin and fermionic lattice systems with short range interactions. We provide results leading to a local definition of temperature, thereby extending the notion of…
Richard C. Tolman analyzed the relation between a temperature gradient and a gravitational field in an equilibrium situation. In 2012, Tolman\textquoteright s law was generalized to a non-equilibrium situation for a simple dilute…
We investigate the steady state of heat conduction in general relativity using a variational approach for two-fluid dynamics. We adopt coordinates based on the Landau-Lifschitz observer because it allows us to describe thermodynamics with…
We study the problem of heat conduction in general relativity by using Carter's variational formulation. We write the creation rates of the entropy and the particle as combinations of the vorticities of temperature and chemical potential.…
The first-order general relativistic theory of a generic dissipative (heat-conducting, viscous, particle-creating) fluid is rediscussed from a unified covariant frame-independent point of view. By generalizing some previous works in the…
Relativistic thermodynamics is constructed from the point of view of special relativistic hydrodynamics. A relativistic four-current for heat and a general treatment of thermal equilibrium between moving bodies is presented. The different…
We investigate heat propagation in rigidly rotating bodies within the theory of general relativity. Using a first-order gradient expansion, we derive a universal partial differential equation governing the temperature evolution. This…
In this thesis, the connections between thermodynamics and general relativity are explored. We review the concept of gravitationally induced temperature gradients in equilibrium states, first introduced by Richard Tolman. We explore these…
The thermodynamic equilibrium condition for a static self-gravitating fluid in the Einstein theory is defined by the Tolman-Ehrenfest temperature law, $T{\sqrt {g_{00}(x^{i})}} = constant$, according to which the proper temperature depends…
For static matter in a gravitational field, different conventions for equilibrium local temperature exist in the classic physics literature. We illustrate the difference between two popular conventions using black-body radiation in a…
We show there are analogues to the Unruh temperature that can be defined for any quantum field theory and region of the space. These local temperatures are defined using relative entropy with localized excitations. We show important…
Non-equilibrium effects are studied using a full Lorentz-invariant formalism. Our analysis shows that in reactions considered here, no global or local equilibrium is reached. The heavier masses are found to be equilibrated more than the…
In this work we solve thermo-hydrodynamical equations considering a two dimensional electron system in the integer quantum Hall regime, to calculate the spatial distribution of the local electron temperature. We start from the…
The Tolman-Ehrenfest criterion for the thermal equilibrium of a fluid at rest in a static general-relativistic geometry is generalized to scalar-tensor gravity. Surprisingly, the gravitational scalar field, which fixes the strength of the…
We show how the local temperature of out-of-equilibrium, quantum electron systems can be consistently defined with the help of an external voltage and temperature probe. We determine sufficient conditions under which the temperature…
A variant of continuous nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory based on the postulate of the scale invariance of the local relation between generalized fluxes and forces has been proposed. This single postulate replaces the assumptions on…
Using recently developed consistent and robust first order relativistic hydrodynamics of a dissipative fluid we propose a generalization but weak version of Tolman-Ehrenfest relation and Klein's law on a general background spacetime. These…