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The diverse spectrum of material characteristics including band gap, mechanical moduli, color, phonon and electronic density of states, along with catalytic and surface properties are intricately intertwined with the atomic structure and…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-11-28 Mehmet Ali Sarsil , Mubashir Mansoor , Mert Saracoglu , Servet Timur , Mustafa Urgen , Onur Ergen

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has become the technique of choice for quantitative characterization of atomic structure of materials, where the minute displacements of atomic columns from high-symmetry positions can be…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-05 Kevin M. Roccapriore , Nicole Creange , Maxim Ziatdinov , Sergei V. Kalinin

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a potent technique for the determination of three-dimensional atomic scale structure of samples in structural biology and materials science. In structural biology, three-dimensional structures of…

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has advanced rapidly in the last decade thanks to the ability to correct the major aberrations of the probe forming lens. Now atomic-sized beams are routine, even at accelerating voltages as…

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful imaging tool that has found broad application in materials science, nanoscience and biology(1-3). With the introduction of aberration-corrected electron lenses, both the spatial…

Atomic resolution imaging in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning TEM (STEM) of light elements in electron-transparent materials has long been a challenge. Biomolecular materials, for example, are rapidly altered when…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-12-05 Fehmi S. Yasin , Tyler R. Harvey , Jordan J. Chess , Jordan S. Pierce , Colin Ophus , Peter Ercius , Benjamin J. McMorran

A new material characterization technique is emerging for the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Using electron energy-loss spectroscopy, real space mappings of the underlying electronic transitions in the sample, so called orbital…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-05-26 Manuel Ederer , Stefan Löffler

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for imaging material structure and characterizing material chemistry. Recent advances in data collection technology for TEM have enabled high-volume and high-resolution data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Josh Kacher , Yao Xie , Sven P. Voigt , Shixiang Zhu , Henry Yuchi , Jordan Key , Surya R. Kalidindi

The transmission electron microscope (TEM) has become an essential tool for innovation in nanoscience, material science, and biology. Despite these instruments being widely used across both industry and academia, academics may hesitate to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-12-07 Patrick McBean , Zachary Milne , Arjun Kanthawar , Cameron O'Byrne , Khalid Hattar , Lewys Jones

Atom segmentation and localization, noise reduction and deblurring of atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images with high precision and robustness is a challenging task. Although several conventional…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-02-23 Ruoqian Lin , Rui Zhang , Chunyang Wang , Xiao-Qing Yang , Huolin L. Xin

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) allows for imaging, diffraction, and spectroscopy of materials on length scales ranging from microns to atoms. By using a high-speed, direct electron detector, it is now possible to record a…

Transformer-based methods have achieved state-of-the-art performance in time series forecasting (TSF) by capturing positional and semantic topological relationships among input tokens. However, it remains unclear whether existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jianqi Zhang , Wenwen Qiang , Jingyao Wang , Jiahuan Zhou , Changwen Zheng , Hui Xiong

Electron tomography in materials science has flourished with the demand to characterize nanoscale materials in three dimensions (3D). Access to experimental data is vital for developing and validating reconstruction methods that improve…

The reduced dimensionality in two-dimensional materials leads a wealth of unusual properties, which are currently explored for both fundamental and applied sciences. In order to study the crystal structure, edge states, the formation of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 Felix Kern , Martin Linck , Daniel Wolf , Nasim Alem , Himani Arora , Sibylle Gemming , Artur Erbe , Alex Zettl , Bernd Büchner , Axel Lubk

Technological advances are in part enabled by the development of novel manufacturing processes that give rise to new materials or material property improvements. Development and evaluation of new manufacturing methodologies is labor-,…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-05-10 Lara Kassab , Scott Howland , Henry Kvinge , Keerti Sahithi Kappagantula , Tegan Emerson

Atomic-resolution imaging with scanning transmission electron microscopy is a powerful tool for characterizing the nanoscale structure of materials, in particular features such as defects, local strains, and symmetry-breaking distortions.…

(Scanning) transmission electron microscopy ((S)TEM) has significantly advanced materials science but faces challenges in correlating precise atomic structure information with the functional properties of devices due to its time-intensive…

Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is an invaluable technique for determining high-resolution three-dimensional structures of biological macromolecules using transmission particle images. The inherent symmetry in these macromolecules…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-06 Qi Zhang , Chenglong Bao , Hai Lin , Mingxu Hu

Over the last decade, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has emerged as a powerful tool for probing atomic structures of complex materials with picometer precision, opening the pathway toward exploring ferroelectric,…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2021-12-23 Ayana Ghosh , Christopher T. Nelson , Mark Oxley , Xiaohang Zhang , Maxim Ziatdinov , Ichiro Takeuchi , Sergei V. Kalinin

Recent advances in scanning transmission electron and scanning tunneling microscopies allow researchers to measure materials structural and electronic properties, such as atomic displacements and charge density modulations, at an Angstrom…

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