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[Abridged] We exploit the clustering of massive galaxies to perform a high efficiency imaging search for gravitational lenses. Our dataset comprises 44 fields imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS),…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-05-12 Elisabeth R. Newton , Philip J. Marshall , Tommaso Treu

Gravitational lensing offers a powerful probe into the properties of dark matter and is crucial to infer cosmological parameters. The Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) is predicted to find O(10^5) gravitational lenses over the next…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 René Parlange , Juan C. Cuevas-Tello , Octavio Valenzuela , Omar de J. Cabrera-Rosas , Tomás Verdugo , Anupreeta More , Anton T. Jaelani

Gravitationally lensed supernovae (SNe) are extremely rare and fade quickly; as a result, they are challenging to detect. To identify lensed SNe in large imaging datasets, current surveys primarily rely on the {\it magnification} effect of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-24 Fawad Kirmani , Arjun Karki , Steve Rodney , Kyle Lackey , Varsha P. Kulkarni , John R. Rose , Justin Pierel

We train and apply convolutional neural networks, a machine learning technique developed to learn from and classify image data, to Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey (CFHTLS) imaging for the identification of potential strong…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-16 Colin Jacobs , Karl Glazebrook , Thomas Collett , Anupreeta More , Christopher McCarthy

The upcoming large scale surveys like LSST are expected to find approximately $10^5$ strong gravitational lenses by analysing data of many orders of magnitude larger than those in contemporary astronomical surveys. In this case,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Hareesh Thuruthipilly , Adam Zadrozny , Agnieszka Pollo , Marek Biesiada

Lens modeling is the key to successful and meaningful automated strong galaxy-scale gravitational lens detection. We have implemented a lens-modeling "robot" that treats every bright red galaxy (BRG) in a large imaging survey as a potential…

We present the results of our pipeline for discovering strong gravitational lenses in the ongoing Ultraviolet Near-Infrared Optical Northern Survey (UNIONS). We successfully train the deep residual neural network (ResNet) based on…

Efficient algorithms are being developed to search for strong gravitational lens systems owing to increasing large imaging surveys. Neural networks have been successfully used to discover galaxy-scale lens systems in imaging surveys such as…

With the upcoming large-scale surveys like LSST, we expect to find approximately $10^5$ strong gravitational lenses among data of many orders of magnitude larger. In this scenario, the usage of non-automated techniques is too time-consuming…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-03-20 Hareesh Thuruthipilly , Margherita Grespan , Adam Zadrożny

Galaxy-scale strong lenses in galaxy clusters provide a unique tool to investigate their inner mass distribution and the sub-halo density profiles in the low-mass regime, which can be compared with the predictions from cosmological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-09 G. Angora , P. Rosati , M. Meneghetti , M. Brescia , A. Mercurio , C. Grillo , P. Bergamini , A. Acebron , G. Caminha , M. Nonino , L. Tortorelli , L. Bazzanini , E. Vanzella

With the advent of new spectroscopic surveys from ground and space, observing up to hundreds of millions of galaxies, spectra classification will become overwhelming for standard analysis techniques. To prepare for this challenge, we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-06-08 Fucheng Zhong , Rui Li , Nicola R. Napolitano

In this paper we develop a new unsupervised machine learning technique comprised of a feature extractor, a convolutional autoencoder (CAE), and a clustering algorithm consisting of a Bayesian Gaussian mixture model (BGM). We apply this…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-15 Ting-Yun Cheng , Nan Li , Christopher J. Conselice , Alfonso Aragón-Salamanca , Simon Dye , Robert B. Metcalf

Strong gravitational lenses are a singular probe of the universe's small-scale structure $\unicode{x2013}$ they are sensitive to the gravitational effects of low-mass $(<10^{10} M_\odot)$ halos even without a luminous counterpart. Recent…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-24 Sebastian Wagner-Carena , Jaehoon Lee , Jeffrey Pennington , Jelle Aalbers , Simon Birrer , Risa H. Wechsler

The identification of strong gravitational lenses in large surveys has historically been a rather time consuming exercise. Early data from the Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (Herschel-ATLAS) demonstrate that lenses can…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-22 Jo Short , Elizabeth Pearson , Peter Coles , Steve Eales

We present the first catalog of 67 strong galaxy-galaxy lens candidates discovered in the 1.64 square degree Hubble Space Telescope COSMOS survey. Twenty of these systems display multiple images or strongly curved large arcs. Our initial…

Future large-scale surveys with high resolution imaging will provide us with a few $10^5$ new strong galaxy-scale lenses. These strong lensing systems however will be contained in large data amounts which are beyond the capacity of human…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-14 C. Schaefer , M. Geiger , T. Kuntzer , J-P. Kneib

We present 72 additional galaxy-galaxy strong lenses that complement the sample discovered in the Euclid Quick Release 1 data (63.1 deg^2) of the Strong Lens Discovery Engine (SLDE) papers A-E. It is shown that previous pre-selection of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-31 Euclid Collaboration , L. R. Ecker , M. Fabricius , S. Seitz , R. Saglia , N. E. P. Lines , P. Holloway , T. Li , A. Verma , F. Balzer , Q. Jin , A. Manjón-García , S. H. Vincken , J. Wilde , J. A. Acevedo Barroso , J. W. Nightingale , K. Rojas , S. Schuldt , M. Walmsley , T. E. Collett , G. Despali , A. Sonnenfeld , C. Tortora , R. B. Metcalf , R. Bender , C. Saulder , E. Baeten , C. Cornen , D. Delley , K. Finner , A. Galan , R. Gavazzi , L. C. Johnson , L. Leuzzi , C. Macmillan , P. J. Marshall , M. Millon , A. More , L. A. Moustakas , J. Pearson , J. -N. Pippert , C. Scarlata , D. Sluse , C. Spiniello , T. T. Thai , L. Ulivi , Han. Wang , X. Xu , F. Courbin , M. Meneghetti , N. Aghanim , B. Altieri , S. Andreon , N. Auricchio , C. Baccigalupi , M. Baldi , A. Balestra , S. Bardelli , P. Battaglia , A. Biviano , E. Branchini , M. Brescia , S. Camera , G. Cañas-Herrera , V. Capobianco , C. Carbone , J. Carretero , S. Casas , M. Castellano , G. Castignani , S. Cavuoti , K. C. Chambers , A. Cimatti , C. Colodro-Conde , G. Congedo , C. J. Conselice , L. Conversi , Y. Copin , A. Costille , H. M. Courtois , M. Cropper , A. Da Silva , H. Degaudenzi , G. De Lucia , C. Dolding , H. Dole , F. Dubath , X. Dupac , S. Dusini , A. Ealet , S. Escoffier , M. Farina , R. Farinelli , F. Faustini , S. Ferriol , F. Finelli , P. Fosalba , S. Fotopoulou , M. Frailis , E. Franceschi , M. Fumana , S. Galeotta , K. George , W. Gillard , B. Gillis , C. Giocoli , P. Gómez-Alvarez , J. Gracia-Carpio , A. Grazian , F. Grupp , L. Guzzo , S. V. H. Haugan , H. Hoekstra , W. Holmes , F. Hormuth , A. Hornstrup , K. Jahnke , M. Jhabvala , B. Joachimi , E. Keihänen , S. Kermiche , A. Kiessling , B. Kubik , M. Kümmel , M. Kunz , H. Kurki-Suonio , A. M. C. Le Brun , D. Le Mignant , S. Ligori , P. B. Lilje , V. Lindholm , I. Lloro , G. Mainetti , D. Maino , E. Maiorano , O. Mansutti , S. Marcin , O. Marggraf , M. Martinelli , N. Martinet , F. Marulli , R. J. Massey , E. Medinaceli , S. Mei , Y. Mellier , E. Merlin , G. Meylan , A. Mora , M. Moresco , L. Moscardini , R. Nakajima , C. Neissner , R. C. Nichol , S. -M. Niemi , C. Padilla , S. Paltani , F. Pasian , K. Pedersen , W. J. Percival , V. Pettorino , S. Pires , G. Polenta , M. Poncet , L. Pozzetti , F. Raison , A. Renzi , J. Rhodes , G. Riccio , H. -W. Rix , E. Romelli , M. Roncarelli , E. Rossetti , Z. Sakr , A. G. Sánchez , D. Sapone , B. Sartoris , P. Schneider , T. Schrabback , A. Secroun , G. Seidel , S. Serrano , P. Simon , C. Sirignano , G. Sirri , L. Stanco , J. Steinwagner , P. Tallada-Crespí , A. N. Taylor , H. I. Teplitz , I. Tereno , N. Tessore , S. Toft , R. Toledo-Moreo , F. Torradeflot , I. Tutusaus , L. Valenziano , J. Valiviita , T. Vassallo , Y. Wang , J. Weller , A. Zacchei , G. Zamorani , F. M. Zerbi , E. Zucca , M. Ballardini , M. Bolzonella , E. Bozzo , C. Burigana , R. Cabanac , A. Cappi , T. Castro , B. Clément , J. A. Escartin Vigo , L. Gabarra , J. García-Bellido , V. Gautard , S. Hemmati , M. Huertas-Company , J. Macias-Perez , R. Maoli , J. Martín-Fleitas , M. Maturi , N. Mauri , P. Monaco , A. Pezzotta , M. Pöntinen , C. Porciani , I. Risso , V. Scottez , M. Sereno , M. Tenti , M. Tucci , M. Viel , M. Wiesmann , Y. Akrami , I. T. Andika , G. Angora , S. Anselmi , M. Archidiacono , F. Atrio-Barandela , L. Bazzanini , P. Bergamini , D. Bertacca , M. Bethermin , F. Beutler , A. Blanchard , L. Blot , M. Bonici , S. Borgani , M. L. Brown , S. Bruton , A. Calabro , B. Camacho Quevedo , F. Caro , C. S. Carvalho , Y. Charles , F. Cogato , S. Conseil , A. R. Cooray , O. Cucciati , S. Davini , F. De Paolis , G. Desprez , A. Díaz-Sánchez , S. Di Domizio , J. M. Diego , P. -A. Duc , V. Duret , M. Y. Elkhashab , A. Enia , Y. Fang , A. Finoguenov , A. Fontana , A. Franco , K. Ganga , T. Gasparetto , E. Gaztanaga , F. Giacomini , F. Gianotti , G. Gozaliasl , A. Gruppuso , M. Guidi , C. M. Gutierrez , A. Hall , H. Hildebrandt , J. Hjorth , L. K. Hunt , J. J. E. Kajava , Y. Kang , V. Kansal , D. Karagiannis , K. Kiiveri , J. Kim , C. C. Kirkpatrick , S. Kruk , M. Lattanzi , L. Legrand , F. Lepori , G. Leroy , G. F. Lesci , J. Lesgourgues , T. I. Liaudat , A. Loureiro , M. Magliocchetti , F. Mannucci , C. J. A. P. Martins , L. Maurin , M. Miluzio , C. Moretti , G. Morgante , K. Naidoo , P. Natoli , A. Navarro-Alsina , S. Nesseris , D. Paoletti , F. Passalacqua , K. Paterson , L. Patrizii , A. Pisani , D. Potter , G. W. Pratt , S. Quai , M. Radovich , G. Rodighiero , W. Roster , S. Sacquegna , M. Sahlén , D. B. Sanders , E. Sarpa , A. Schneider , D. Sciotti , E. Sellentin , L. C. Smith , J. G. Sorce , K. Tanidis , C. Tao , F. Tarsitano , G. Testera , R. Teyssier , S. Tosi , A. Troja , A. Venhola , D. Vergani , G. Vernardos , G. Verza , P. Vielzeuf , S. Vinciguerra , N. A. Walton , A. H. Wright

We present a new sample of galaxy-scale strong gravitational-lens candidates, selected from 904 square degrees of Data Release 4 of the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS), i.e., the "Lenses in the Kilo-Degree Survey" (LinKS) sample. We apply two…