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Transformers have demonstrated exceptional in-context learning capabilities, yet the theoretical understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. A recent work (Elhage et al., 2021) identified a ``rich'' in-context mechanism…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Mingze Wang , Ruoxi Yu , Weinan E , Lei Wu

Graph Transformers excel in long-range dependency modeling, but generally require quadratic memory complexity in the number of nodes in an input graph, and hence have trouble scaling to large graphs. Sparse attention variants such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Hamed Shirzad , Honghao Lin , Balaji Venkatachalam , Ameya Velingker , David Woodruff , Danica Sutherland

Knowledge tracing (KT) aims to trace students' knowledge states by predicting whether students answer correctly on exercises. Despite the excellent performance of existing Transformer-based KT approaches, they are criticized for the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Shangshang Yang , Xiaoshan Yu , Ye Tian , Xueming Yan , Haiping Ma , Xingyi Zhang

Transformers for time series forecasting mainly model time series from limited or fixed scales, making it challenging to capture different characteristics spanning various scales. We propose Pathformer, a multi-scale Transformer with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Peng Chen , Yingying Zhang , Yunyao Cheng , Yang Shu , Yihang Wang , Qingsong Wen , Bin Yang , Chenjuan Guo

The architecture of Transformer is based entirely on self-attention, and has been shown to outperform models that employ recurrence on sequence transduction tasks such as machine translation. The superior performance of Transformer has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Vikas K. Garg , Inderjit S. Dhillon , Hsiang-Fu Yu

The Transformer architecture has gained growing attention in graph representation learning recently, as it naturally overcomes several limitations of graph neural networks (GNNs) by avoiding their strict structural inductive biases and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-14 Dexiong Chen , Leslie O'Bray , Karsten Borgwardt

This study investigates the task of dwell time prediction and proposes a Transformer framework based on interaction behavior modeling. The method first represents user interaction sequences on the interface by integrating dwell duration,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Rui Liu , Runsheng Zhang , Shixiao Wang

Transformer-based deep learning models have achieved state-of-the-art performance across numerous language and vision tasks. While the self-attention mechanism, a core component of transformers, has proven capable of handling complex data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Laziz Abdullaev , Tan M. Nguyen

This paper is on video recognition using Transformers. Very recent attempts in this area have demonstrated promising results in terms of recognition accuracy, yet they have been also shown to induce, in many cases, significant computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Adrian Bulat , Juan-Manuel Perez-Rua , Swathikiran Sudhakaran , Brais Martinez , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

Linear transformers aim to reduce the quadratic space-time complexity of vanilla transformers. However, they usually suffer from degraded performances on various tasks and corpus. In this paper, we examine existing kernel-based linear…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Zhen Qin , XiaoDong Han , Weixuan Sun , Dongxu Li , Lingpeng Kong , Nick Barnes , Yiran Zhong

Transformers have become one of the dominant architectures in deep learning, particularly as a powerful alternative to convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in computer vision. However, Transformer training and inference in previous works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Zizheng Pan , Bohan Zhuang , Haoyu He , Jing Liu , Jianfei Cai

Transformers have become the dominant architecture for sequence modeling tasks such as natural language processing or audio processing, and they are now even considered for tasks that are not naturally sequential such as image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Jorg Bornschein , Yazhe Li , Amal Rannen-Triki

We present an efficient task and motion replanning approach for sequential multi-object manipulation in dynamic environments. Conventional Task And Motion Planning (TAMP) solvers experience an exponential increase in planning time as the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yan Zhang , Teng Xue , Amirreza Razmjoo , Sylvain Calinon

Encoder transformer models compress information from all tokens in a sequence into a single [CLS] token to represent global context. This approach risks diluting fine-grained or hierarchical features, leading to information loss in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Asif Shahriar , Rifat Shahriyar , M Saifur Rahman

Transformer plays an increasingly important role in various computer vision areas and remarkable achievements have also been made in point cloud analysis. Since they mainly focus on point-wise transformer, an adaptive channel encoding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Guoquan Xu , Hezhi Cao , Yifan Zhang , Yanxin Ma , Jianwei Wan , Ke Xu

Convolution neural networks (CNNs) have succeeded in compressive image sensing. However, due to the inductive bias of locality and weight sharing, the convolution operations demonstrate the intrinsic limitations in modeling the long-range…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-03 Dongjie Ye , Zhangkai Ni , Hanli Wang , Jian Zhang , Shiqi Wang , Sam Kwong

Transformers are considered one of the most important deep learning models since 2018, in part because it establishes state-of-the-art (SOTA) records and could potentially replace existing Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Despite the remarkable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Hongwu Peng , Shaoyi Huang , Shiyang Chen , Bingbing Li , Tong Geng , Ang Li , Weiwen Jiang , Wujie Wen , Jinbo Bi , Hang Liu , Caiwen Ding

Transformers have achieved success in both language and vision domains. However, it is prohibitively expensive to scale them to long sequences such as long documents or high-resolution images, because self-attention mechanism has quadratic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Chen Zhu , Wei Ping , Chaowei Xiao , Mohammad Shoeybi , Tom Goldstein , Anima Anandkumar , Bryan Catanzaro

Recently, the Transformer model that is based solely on attention mechanisms, has advanced the state-of-the-art on various machine translation tasks. However, recent studies reveal that the lack of recurrence hinders its further improvement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Jie Hao , Xing Wang , Baosong Yang , Longyue Wang , Jinfeng Zhang , Zhaopeng Tu

Recent advances in deep learning have established Transformer architectures as the predominant modeling paradigm. Central to the success of Transformers is the self-attention mechanism, which scores the similarity between query and key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Jie Zhang , Mao-Hsuan Mao , Bo-Wei Chiu , Min-Te Sun
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