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VPN adoption has seen steady growth over the past decade due to increased public awareness of privacy and surveillance threats. In response, certain governments are attempting to restrict VPN access by identifying connections using "dual…
Software-defined networking (SDN) eases network management by centralizing the control plane and separating it from the data plane. The separation of planes in SDN, however, introduces new vulnerabilities in SDN networks since the…
It is generally recognized that the traffic generated by an individual connected to a network acts as his biometric signature. Several tools exploit this fact to fingerprint and monitor users. Often, though, these tools assume to access the…
Browser fingerprinting is the identification of a browser through the network traffic captured during communication between the browser and server. This can be done using the HTTP protocol, browser extensions, and other methods. This paper…
The SSH protocol is commonly used to access remote systems on the Internet, as it provides an encrypted and authenticated channel for communication. If upon establishing a new connection, the presented server key is unknown to the client,…
In sensor networks, nodes cooperatively work to collect data and forward it to the final destination. Many protocols have been proposed in the literature to provide routing and secure routing for ad hoc and sensor networks, but these…
Radio Frequency (RF) fingerprinting is to identify a wireless device from its uniqueness of the analog circuitry or hardware imperfections. However, unlike the MAC address which can be modified, such hardware feature is inevitable for the…
Device fingerprinting can be used by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to identify vulnerable IoT devices for early prevention of threats. However, due to the wide deployment of middleboxes in ISP networks, some important data, e.g.,…
Radio Frequency Fingerprinting (RFF) techniques allow a receiver to authenticate a transmitter by analyzing the physical layer of the radio spectrum. Although the vast majority of scientific contributions focus on improving the performance…
As a promising non-password authentication technology, radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting can greatly improve wireless security. Recent work has shown that RF fingerprinting based on deep learning can significantly outperform conventional…
Radio Frequency fingerprinting enables a passive receiver to recognize and authenticate a transmitter without the need for cryptographic tools. Authentication is achieved by isolating specific features of the transmitted signal that are…
Website fingerprinting enables an attacker to infer which web page a client is browsing through encrypted or anonymized network connections. We present a new website fingerprinting technique based on random decision forests and evaluate…
Network protocol fingerprinting is used to identify a protocol implementation by analyzing its input-output behavior. Traditionally, fingerprinting operates under a closed-world assumption, where models of all implementations are assumed to…
ICMP timestamp request and response packets have been standardized for nearly 40 years, but have no modern practical application, having been superseded by NTP. However, ICMP timestamps are not deprecated, suggesting that while hosts must…
The Radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting technique makes highly secure device authentication possible for future networks by exploiting hardware imperfections introduced during manufacturing. Although this technique has received considerable…
The possibility of fingerprinting the search keywords issued by a user on popular web search engines is a significant threat to user privacy. This threat has received surprisingly little attention in the network traffic analysis literature.…
This paper proposes a general network fingerprinting framework, Seqnature, that uses packet sequences as its basic data unit and that makes it simple to implement any fingerprinting technique that can be formulated as a problem of…
802.11 device fingerprinting is the action of characterizing a target device through its wireless traffic. This results in a signature that may be used for identification, network monitoring or intrusion detection. The fingerprinting method…
Fifth generation (5G) network and beyond envision massive Internet of Things (IoT) rollout to support disruptive applications such as extended reality (XR), augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR), industrial automation, autonomous driving, and…
Browser fingerprinting is a stateless tracking technique that attempts to combine information exposed by multiple different web APIs to create a unique identifier for tracking users across the web. Over the last decade, trackers have abused…